tokenpocket钱包网站首页|speech

作者: tokenpocket钱包网站首页
2024-03-13 06:07:58

Here's How to Write a Perfect Speech | Grammarly

Here's How to Write a Perfect Speech | Grammarly

Grammarly HomeProductLearnFeaturesProduct DemoTrust & SecurityDownloadDesktopMobileBrowserWorkBy Team SizeEnterpriseTeams & BusinessesIndividualsBy Team FunctionCustomer SupportMarketingITSalesHREducationStudentsInstitutionsPricingResourcesLearnBlogCustomer StoriesBusiness Events & ReportsEducation Events & ReportsSupport CenterToolsAI Writing ToolsGrammar CheckerPlagiarism CheckerParaphrasing ToolContact SalesLog inGet GrammarlyIt's freeGrammarly HomeProductLearnFeaturesProduct DemoTrust & SecurityDownloadDesktopMobileBrowserWorkBy Team SizeEnterpriseTeams & BusinessesIndividualsBy Team FunctionCustomer SupportMarketingITSalesHREducationStudentsInstitutionsPricingResourcesLearnBlogCustomer StoriesBusiness Events & ReportsEducation Events & ReportsSupport CenterToolsAI Writing ToolsGrammar CheckerPlagiarism CheckerParaphrasing ToolGet GrammarlyIt's freeContact SalesLog inGrammarly Blog HomeWritingWriting TipsGrammarStudentsProfessionalsLifestyleProductCompanyGrammarly HomeWritingWriting TipsGrammarStudentsProfessionalsLifestyleProductCompanyGet GrammarlyIt's freeContact SalesLog inIf You Want to Write a Great Speech, Here’s How to Do ItJoanna CutraraUpdated on May 22, 2019Writing TipsWriting a speech isn’t all that different than writing for other mediums. You need to know your audience, the required length, and the purpose or topic. This is true whether your speech is for a business conference, a wedding, a school project, or any other scenario.

But there’s something about speech writing that’s especially nerve-wracking.

If you write and deliver a speech that doesn’t go over well, you’ll get feedback in real time. The people sitting in front of you could lose interest, start talking, doze off, or even wander out of the room. (Don’t worry, only audiences in movies throw tomatoes).

Of course, a poor speech is not the end of the world. You can give plenty of crummy speeches and live to tell the tale.

But we also know that a great speech is capable of changing the world. Or at least sparking an audience’s imagination, catapulting your business into success, earning an A+ on your assignment, or ensuring that the bride and groom are still friends with you after the wedding.

So if you’re feeling stressed over your impending speech writing duties, fret no more! Today we’re breaking down for you the step-by-step process of exactly how to write a great speech.

Here’s a tip: Want to make sure your writing shines? Grammarly can check your spelling and save you from grammar and punctuation mistakes. It even proofreads your text, so your work is extra polished wherever you write.

Your writing, at its best

Grammarly helps you communicate confidently

Write with Grammarly

1

Tips to write (and live) by

Let’s start with the 30,000 foot, big-picture view. These are the tenets that will guide you in your speech writing process (and pretty much anything else you want to write).

Know the purpose: What are you trying to accomplish with your speech? Educate, inspire, entertain, argue a point? Your goals will dictate the tone and structure, and result in dramatically different speeches.

Know your audience: Your speech should be tailored for your audience, both in terms of ideas and language. If you’re speaking at a sound healer convention, you won’t need to explain the concept of energetic blocks. And if you’re speaking to an octogenarians-only quilting circle, you probably shouldn’t drop as many F-bombs as you would with your local biker gang.

Know the length: You don’t want to underwhelm or overwhelm your audience.Ten minutes may be too short for your keynote address, but it’s probably too long for your best man speech. Don’t leave things up to chance. Your writing process will be much easier if you keep your eye on your target length.

Write, revise, practice, revise, practice…: MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech wasn’t written in a day. Give yourself the time you need to practice your material and work through multiple drafts. Don’t expect to nail everything on the first try.

2

The step-by-step process

Still feeling stressed over how to get started? Here’s how to write your speech from concept to completion.

Step 1: Outline your speech’s structure. What are the main ideas for each section?

Step 2: Flesh out the main ideas in your outline. Don’t worry about finding the perfect words. Just let your creativity flow and get it all out!

Step 3: Edit and polish what you’ve written until you have a cohesive first draft of your speech

Step 4: Practice, practice, practice. The more you practice your speech the more you’ll discover which sections need reworked, which transitions should be improved, and which sentences are hard to say. You’ll also find out how you’re doing on length.

Step 5: Update, practice, and revise your speech until it has a great flow and you feel it’s ready to accomplish its purpose.

3

The universal structure

Getting hung up on Step 1? Here’s a structure you can follow for any type of speech.

Introduction

Who are you, why are are you giving this speech, what is your main thesis?

The “who” and “why” can be longer or shorter depending on the context. For example, if you’re speaking at a wedding, you’ll want to explain your relationship to the bride and groom and why they mean so much to you. But if you’re presenting to your class at school, you may be able to head straight into your thesis.

If you’re presenting in a business or motivational setting, this is a crucial time to hook your audience’s attention and pique their curiosity. Typically someone else will have already introduced you and your accolades, so use this to your advantage and dive straight in.

“Hi everyone, it’s great to be here! As Kevin just said, I’ve been an urban beet farmer for 30 years, and a couple years back I got this absolutely crazy idea. What if…”

Main message

Idea 1, Idea 2, Idea 3…

The majority of your speech should be spent presenting your thesis and supporting material in a simple, organized way.

Whether you’re giving an inspirational talk or a business presentation, rambling is a sure-fire way to lose your audience’s attention. Don’t try to share absolutely everything you know on your topic, instead pick a few (two to five) key points to present to your audience.

Stick to one point at a time and finish the thought before you move on to the next. Build in clear, logical transitions from idea to idea.

Want to make your speech memorable? Studies have shown our brains are great at remember stories! As much as is appropriate, make your speech personal and include your own anecdotes and thoughts.

We’re also better at remembering big ideas if they’re condensed into a few memorable words, so do your best to sum up your thesis.

“I have a dream.”

“Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”

“Make good art.”

Takeaway

What do you want your audience to walk out of the room remembering?

Wrap everything up and drive home your main idea, whether that’s through providing a few (one to three) key takeaways, or telling one last story that perfectly illustrates your point.

Here are some examples of how your outline might look

As a researcher presenting your findings…

Introduction: Explain the key problem or question of your research.

Main message: Describe the research process, then describe your three key findings.

Takeaway: Present your conclusions and their implications, then your next steps for moving forward.

As the maid of honor giving a speech at your best friend’s wedding…

Introduction: Explain who you are and how you met the bride.

Main message: Recount three funny and heartwarming stories about your decades-long friendship with her, plus your first impressions of the groom.

Takeaway: Wrap things up by expounding on how amazing the bride and groom’s love for each other is, how they’re meant to be together, and how you know their love will last a lifetime. …L’chaim!

What are your favorite tips for writing a great speech?

Here’s a tip: Grammarly’s Citation Generator ensures your essays have flawless citations and no plagiarism. Try it for citing speeches in Chicago, MLA, and APA styles.

Your writing, at its best.Get GrammarlyIt's freeWorks on all your favorite websitesRelated ArticlesWriting Tips11 Ways to Say “Thank You” Over Email, and 3 “Thank You” Mistakes to AvoidWriting TipsHeart Notes: A Step-by-Step Guide to Writing the Perfect Love LetterWriting TipsWhat Is Kairos? History, Definition, and ExamplesWriting TipsWrite an Encouragement Message, With 24 ExamplesWriting TipsWhat Is Discourse? 4 Types of Written Discourse ExplainedWriting Tips22 Weird Words to Know and LoveWriting, grammar, and communication tips for your inbox.subscribeGet GrammarlyGrammarly for Your DesktopGrammarly for WindowsGrammarly for MacGrammarly Browser ExtensionGrammarly for ChromeGrammarly for SafariGrammarly for FirefoxGrammarly for EdgeGrammarly for MS OfficeGrammarly for Google DocsGrammarly for MobileGrammarly for iPhoneGrammarly for iPadGrammarly for AndroidLearn MorePlansGrammarly PremiumGrammarly BusinessGrammarly for EducationGenerative AIBlogTech BlogEducation BlogBusiness BlogFeaturesGrammar CheckerPlagiarism CheckerCitation GeneratorEssay CheckerParaphrasing ToolAI Writing ToolsTone DetectorStyle GuideSnippetsAnalyticsBrand TonesCompanyAboutWe Stand With UkraineResponsible AICareers & CulturePressAffiliatesPartnersTrust CenterPrivacy PolicyTerms of ServiceCustomer Business AgreementCA Privacy NoticeSecurityAccessibilityConnectHelp CenterContact Us Facebook Instagram X LinkedIn2024 © Grammarly Inc.

Speech - Wikipedia

Speech - Wikipedia

Jump to content

Main menu

Main menu

move to sidebar

hide

Navigation

Main pageContentsCurrent eventsRandom articleAbout WikipediaContact usDonate

Contribute

HelpLearn to editCommunity portalRecent changesUpload file

Search

Search

Create account

Log in

Personal tools

Create account Log in

Pages for logged out editors learn more

ContributionsTalk

Contents

move to sidebar

hide

(Top)

1Evolution

2Production

Toggle Production subsection

2.1Errors

3Perception

4Development

Toggle Development subsection

4.1Repetition

5Problems

Toggle Problems subsection

5.1Treatment

6Brain physiology

Toggle Brain physiology subsection

6.1Classical model

6.2Modern research

7Animal communication

8See also

9References

10Further reading

11External links

Toggle the table of contents

Speech

82 languages

AfrikaansالعربيةAragonésAzərbaycancaBân-lâm-gúБеларускаяBikol CentralБългарскиBosanskiCatalàЧӑвашлаČeštinaDeutschEestiΕλληνικάEspañolEsperantoEuskaraفارسیFrançaisGaelgGalegoГӀалгӀай한국어Հայերենहिन्दीHrvatskiIdoBahasa IndonesiaИронIsiXhosaÍslenskaעבריתJawaಕನ್ನಡქართულიҚазақшаKreyòl ayisyenKurdîLadinLatviešuMagyarМакедонскиMaltiمصرىNa Vosa VakavitiNederlands日本語Norsk bokmålNorsk nynorskOccitanOʻzbekcha / ўзбекчаپښتوPolskiPortuguêsRomânăРусскийᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤScotsShqipSicilianuSimple EnglishSlovenčinaSoomaaligaСрпски / srpskiSrpskohrvatski / српскохрватскиSundaSuomiSvenskaTagalogதமிழ்తెలుగుไทยТоҷикӣTürkçeУкраїнськаاردوTiếng Việt吴语ייִדיש粵語中文

Edit links

ArticleTalk

English

ReadEditView history

Tools

Tools

move to sidebar

hide

Actions

ReadEditView history

General

What links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationCite this pageGet shortened URLDownload QR codeWikidata item

Print/export

Download as PDFPrintable version

In other projects

Wikimedia CommonsWikiquote

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Human vocal communication using spoken language

For the process of speaking to a group of people, see Public speaking. For other uses, see Speech (disambiguation).

Speech production visualized by Real-time MRI

Part of a series onLinguistics

OutlineHistoryIndex

General linguistics

Diachronic

Lexicography

Morphology

Phonology

Pragmatics

Semantics

Syntax

Syntax–semantics interface

Typology

Applied linguistics

Acquisition

Anthropological

Applied

Computational

Conversation Analysis

Corpus linguistics

Discourse analysis

Distance

Documentation

Ethnography of communication

Ethnomethodology

Forensic

History of linguistics

Interlinguistics

Neurolinguistics

Philology

Philosophy of language

Phonetics

Psycholinguistics

Sociolinguistics

Text

Translating and interpreting

Writing systems

Theoretical frameworks

Formalist

Constituency

Dependency

Distributionalism

Generative

Glossematics

Functional

Cognitive

Construction grammar

Functional discourse grammar

Grammaticalization

Interactional linguistics

Prague school

Systemic functional

Usage-based

Structuralism

Topics

Autonomy of syntax

Compositionality

Conservative/innovative forms

Descriptivism

Etymology

Iconicity

Internet linguistics

LGBT linguistics

Origin of language

Orthography

Philosophy of linguistics

Prescriptivism

Second-language acquisition

Theory of language

Portalvte

Speech is a human vocal communication using language. Each language uses phonetic combinations of vowel and consonant sounds that form the sound of its words (that is, all English words sound different from all French words, even if they are the same word, e.g., "role" or "hotel"), and using those words in their semantic character as words in the lexicon of a language according to the syntactic constraints that govern lexical words' function in a sentence. In speaking, speakers perform many different intentional speech acts, e.g., informing, declaring, asking, persuading, directing, and can use enunciation, intonation, degrees of loudness, tempo, and other non-representational or paralinguistic aspects of vocalization to convey meaning. In their speech, speakers also unintentionally communicate many aspects of their social position such as sex, age, place of origin (through accent), physical states (alertness and sleepiness, vigor or weakness, health or illness), psychological states (emotions or moods), physico-psychological states (sobriety or drunkenness, normal consciousness and trance states), education or experience, and the like.

Although people ordinarily use speech in dealing with other persons (or animals), when people swear they do not always mean to communicate anything to anyone, and sometimes in expressing urgent emotions or desires they use speech as a quasi-magical cause, as when they encourage a player in a game to do or warn them not to do something. There are also many situations in which people engage in solitary speech. People talk to themselves sometimes in acts that are a development of what some psychologists (e.g., Lev Vygotsky) have maintained is the use of silent speech in an interior monologue to vivify and organize cognition, sometimes in the momentary adoption of a dual persona as self addressing self as though addressing another person. Solo speech can be used to memorize or to test one's memorization of things, and in prayer or in meditation (e.g., the use of a mantra).

Researchers study many different aspects of speech: speech production and speech perception of the sounds used in a language, speech repetition, speech errors, the ability to map heard spoken words onto the vocalizations needed to recreate them, which plays a key role in children's enlargement of their vocabulary, and what different areas of the human brain, such as Broca's area and Wernicke's area, underlie speech. Speech is the subject of study for linguistics, cognitive science, communication studies, psychology, computer science, speech pathology, otolaryngology, and acoustics.

Speech compares with written language,[1] which may differ in its vocabulary, syntax, and phonetics from the spoken language, a situation called diglossia.

The evolutionary origins of speech are unknown and subject to much debate and speculation. While animals also communicate using vocalizations, and trained apes such as Washoe and Kanzi can use simple sign language, no animals' vocalizations are articulated phonemically and syntactically, and do not constitute speech.

Evolution[edit]

Main article: Origin of speech

Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.[2][3][4][5][6] The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed. Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language.

Places of articulation (passive and active):1. Exo-labial, 2. Endo-labial, 3. Dental, 4. Alveolar, 5. Post-alveolar, 6. Pre-palatal, 7. Palatal, 8. Velar, 9. Uvular, 10. Pharyngeal, 11. Glottal, 12. Epiglottal, 13. Radical, 14. Postero-dorsal, 15. Antero-dorsal, 16. Laminal, 17. Apical, 18. Sub-apical

Monkeys, non-human apes and humans, like many other animals, have evolved specialised mechanisms for producing sound for purposes of social communication.[7] On the other hand, no monkey or ape uses its tongue for such purposes.[8][9] The human species' unprecedented use of the tongue, lips and other moveable parts seems to place speech in a quite separate category, making its evolutionary emergence an intriguing theoretical challenge in the eyes of many scholars.[10]

Determining the timeline of human speech evolution is made additionally challenging by the lack of data in the fossil record. The human vocal tract does not fossilize, and indirect evidence of vocal tract changes in hominid fossils has proven inconclusive.[10]

Production[edit]

Main articles: Speech production and Linguistics

Speech production is an unconscious multi-step process by which thoughts are generated into spoken utterances. Production involves the unconscious mind selecting appropriate words and the appropriate form of those words from the lexicon and morphology, and the organization of those words through the syntax. Then, the phonetic properties of the words are retrieved and the sentence is articulated through the articulations associated with those phonetic properties.[11]

In linguistics, articulatory phonetics is the study of how the tongue, lips, jaw, vocal cords, and other speech organs are used to make sounds. Speech sounds are categorized by manner of articulation and place of articulation. Place of articulation refers to where in the neck or mouth the airstream is constricted. Manner of articulation refers to the manner in which the speech organs interact, such as how closely the air is restricted, what form of airstream is used (e.g. pulmonic, implosive, ejectives, and clicks), whether or not the vocal cords are vibrating, and whether the nasal cavity is opened to the airstream.[12] The concept is primarily used for the production of consonants, but can be used for vowels in qualities such as voicing and nasalization. For any place of articulation, there may be several manners of articulation, and therefore several homorganic consonants.

Normal human speech is pulmonic, produced with pressure from the lungs, which creates phonation in the glottis in the larynx, which is then modified by the vocal tract and mouth into different vowels and consonants. However humans can pronounce words without the use of the lungs and glottis in alaryngeal speech, of which there are three types: esophageal speech, pharyngeal speech and buccal speech (better known as Donald Duck talk).

Errors[edit]

Main article: Speech error

Speech production is a complex activity, and as a consequence errors are common, especially in children. Speech errors come in many forms and are used to provide evidence to support hypotheses about the nature of speech.[13] As a result, speech errors are often used in the construction of models for language production and child language acquisition. For example, the fact that children often make the error of over-regularizing the -ed past tense suffix in English (e.g. saying 'singed' instead of 'sang') shows that the regular forms are acquired earlier.[14][15] Speech errors associated with certain kinds of aphasia have been used to map certain components of speech onto the brain and see the relation between different aspects of production; for example, the difficulty of expressive aphasia patients in producing regular past-tense verbs, but not irregulars like 'sing-sang' has been used to demonstrate that regular inflected forms of a word are not individually stored in the lexicon, but produced from affixation to the base form.[16]

Perception[edit]

Main article: Speech perception

Speech perception refers to the processes by which humans can interpret and understand the sounds used in language. The study of speech perception is closely linked to the fields of phonetics and phonology in linguistics and cognitive psychology and perception in psychology. Research in speech perception seeks to understand how listeners recognize speech sounds and use this information to understand spoken language. Research into speech perception also has applications in building computer systems that can recognize speech, as well as improving speech recognition for hearing- and language-impaired listeners.[17]

Speech perception is categorical, in that people put the sounds they hear into categories rather than perceiving them as a spectrum. People are more likely to be able to hear differences in sounds across categorical boundaries than within them. A good example of this is voice onset time (VOT), one aspect of the phonetic production of consonant sounds. For example, Hebrew speakers, who distinguish voiced /b/ from voiceless /p/, will more easily detect a change in VOT from -10 ( perceived as /b/ ) to 0 ( perceived as /p/ ) than a change in VOT from +10 to +20, or -10 to -20, despite this being an equally large change on the VOT spectrum.[18]

Development[edit]

Main article: Language development

Most human children develop proto-speech babbling behaviors when they are four to six months old. Most will begin saying their first words at some point during the first year of life. Typical children progress through two or three word phrases before three years of age followed by short sentences by four years of age.[19]

Repetition[edit]

Main article: Speech repetition

In speech repetition, speech being heard is quickly turned from sensory input into motor instructions needed for its immediate or delayed vocal imitation (in phonological memory). This type of mapping plays a key role in enabling children to expand their spoken vocabulary. Masur (1995) found that how often children repeat novel words versus those they already have in their lexicon is related to the size of their lexicon later on, with young children who repeat more novel words having a larger lexicon later in development. Speech repetition could help facilitate the acquisition of this larger lexicon.[20]

Problems[edit]

See also: Speech disorder

This section needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the section and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Speech" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2022)

There are several organic and psychological factors that can affect speech. Among these are:

Diseases and disorders of the lungs or the vocal cords, including paralysis, respiratory infections (bronchitis), vocal fold nodules and cancers of the lungs and throat.

Diseases and disorders of the brain, including alogia, aphasias, dysarthria, dystonia and speech processing disorders, where impaired motor planning, nerve transmission, phonological processing or perception of the message (as opposed to the actual sound) leads to poor speech production.

Hearing problems, such as otitis media with effusion, and listening problems, auditory processing disorders, can lead to phonological problems. In addition to dysphasia, anomia and auditory processing disorder impede the quality of auditory perception, and therefore, expression. Those who are deaf or hard of hearing may be considered to fall into this category.

Articulatory problems, such as slurred speech, stuttering, lisping, cleft palate, ataxia, or nerve damage leading to problems in articulation. Tourette syndrome and tics can also affect speech. Various congenital and acquired tongue diseases can affect speech as can motor neuron disease.

Psychiatric disorders have been shown to change speech acoustic features, where for instance, fundamental frequency of voice (perceived as pitch) tends to be significantly lower in major depressive disorder than in healthy controls.[21] Therefore, speech is being investigated as a potential biomarker for mental health disorders.

Speech and language disorders can also result from stroke,[22] brain injury,[23] hearing loss,[24] developmental delay,[25] a cleft palate,[26] cerebral palsy,[27] or emotional issues.[28]

Treatment[edit]

Main article: Speech–language pathology

Speech-related diseases, disorders, and conditions can be treated by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) or speech therapist. SLPs assess levels of speech needs, make diagnoses based on the assessments, and then treat the diagnoses or address the needs.[29]

Brain physiology[edit]

Classical model[edit]

Broca's and Wernicke's areas

The classical or Wernicke-Geschwind model of the language system in the brain focuses on Broca's area in the inferior prefrontal cortex, and Wernicke's area in the posterior superior temporal gyrus on the dominant hemisphere of the brain (typically the left hemisphere for language). In this model, a linguistic auditory signal is first sent from the auditory cortex to Wernicke's area. The lexicon is accessed in Wernicke's area, and these words are sent via the arcuate fasciculus to Broca's area, where morphology, syntax, and instructions for articulation are generated. This is then sent from Broca's area to the motor cortex for articulation.[30]

Paul Broca identified an approximate region of the brain in 1861 which, when damaged in two of his patients, caused severe deficits in speech production, where his patients were unable to speak beyond a few monosyllabic words. This deficit, known as Broca's or expressive aphasia, is characterized by difficulty in speech production where speech is slow and labored, function words are absent, and syntax is severely impaired, as in telegraphic speech. In expressive aphasia, speech comprehension is generally less affected except in the comprehension of grammatically complex sentences.[31] Wernicke's area is named after Carl Wernicke, who in 1874 proposed a connection between damage to the posterior area of the left superior temporal gyrus and aphasia, as he noted that not all aphasic patients had had damage to the prefrontal cortex.[32] Damage to Wernicke's area produces Wernicke's or receptive aphasia, which is characterized by relatively normal syntax and prosody but severe impairment in lexical access, resulting in poor comprehension and nonsensical or jargon speech.[31]

Modern research[edit]

Modern models of the neurological systems behind linguistic comprehension and production recognize the importance of Broca's and Wernicke's areas, but are not limited to them nor solely to the left hemisphere.[33] Instead, multiple streams are involved in speech production and comprehension. Damage to the left lateral sulcus has been connected with difficulty in processing and producing morphology and syntax, while lexical access and comprehension of irregular forms (e.g. eat-ate) remain unaffected.[34]

Moreover, the circuits involved in human speech comprehension dynamically adapt with learning, for example, by becoming more efficient in terms of processing time when listening to familiar messages such as learned verses.[35]

Animal communication[edit]

Main article: Talking animals

Some non-human animals can produce sounds or gestures resembling those of a human language.[36] Several species or groups of animals have developed forms of communication which superficially resemble verbal language, however, these usually are not considered a language because they lack one or more of the defining characteristics, e.g. grammar, syntax, recursion, and displacement. Researchers have been successful in teaching some animals to make gestures similar to sign language,[37][38] although whether this should be considered a language has been disputed.[39]

See also[edit]

Language portalLinguistics portalFreedom of speech portalSociety portal

FOXP2

Freedom of speech

Imagined speech

Index of linguistics articles

List of language disorders

Spatial hearing loss

Speechwriter

Talking birds

Vocology

References[edit]

^ "Speech". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2018-09-13.

^ Hockett, Charles F. (1960). "The Origin of Speech" (PDF). Scientific American. 203 (3): 88–96. Bibcode:1960SciAm.203c..88H. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0960-88. PMID 14402211. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-06.

^ Corballis, Michael C. (2002). From hand to mouth : the origins of language. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-08803-7. OCLC 469431753.

^ Lieberman, Philip (1984). The biology and evolution of language. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674074132. OCLC 10071298.

^ Lieberman, Philip (2000). Human language and our reptilian brain : the subcortical bases of speech, syntax, and thought. Vol. 44. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 32–51. doi:10.1353/pbm.2001.0011. ISBN 9780674002265. OCLC 43207451. PMID 11253303. S2CID 38780927. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)

^ Abry, Christian; Boë, Louis-Jean; Laboissière, Rafael; Schwartz, Jean-Luc (1998). "A new puzzle for the evolution of speech?". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 21 (4): 512–513. doi:10.1017/S0140525X98231268. S2CID 145180611.

^ Kelemen, G. (1963). Comparative anatomy and performance of the vocal organ in vertebrates. In R. Busnel (ed.), Acoustic behavior of animals. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 489–521.

^ Riede, T.; Bronson, E.; Hatzikirou, H.; Zuberbühler, K. (Jan 2005). "Vocal production mechanisms in a non-human primate: morphological data and a model" (PDF). J Hum Evol. 48 (1): 85–96. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.10.002. PMID 15656937. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-08-12. Retrieved 2022-08-12.

^ Riede, T.; Bronson, E.; Hatzikirou, H.; Zuberbühler, K. (February 2006). "Multiple discontinuities in nonhuman vocal tracts – A reply". Journal of Human Evolution. 50 (2): 222–225. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.10.005.

^ a b Fitch, W.Tecumseh (July 2000). "The evolution of speech: a comparative review". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 4 (7): 258–267. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.22.3754. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01494-7. PMID 10859570. S2CID 14706592.

^ Levelt, Willem J. M. (1999). "Models of word production". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 3 (6): 223–32. doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(99)01319-4. PMID 10354575. S2CID 7939521.

^ Catford, J.C.; Esling, J.H. (2006). "Articulatory Phonetics". In Brown, Keith (ed.). Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics (2nd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. pp. 425–42.

^ Fromkin, Victoria (1973). "Introduction". Speech Errors as Linguistic Evidence. The Hague: Mouton. pp. 11–46.

^ Plunkett, Kim; Juola, Patrick (1999). "A connectionist model of english past tense and plural morphology". Cognitive Science. 23 (4): 463–90. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.545.3746. doi:10.1207/s15516709cog2304_4.

^ Nicoladis, Elena; Paradis, Johanne (2012). "Acquiring Regular and Irregular Past Tense Morphemes in English and French: Evidence From Bilingual Children". Language Learning. 62 (1): 170–97. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00628.x.

^ Ullman, Michael T.; et al. (2005). "Neural correlates of lexicon and grammar: Evidence from the production,reading, and judgement of inflection in aphasia". Brain and Language. 93 (2): 185–238. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.10.001. PMID 15781306. S2CID 14991615.

^ Kennison, Shelia (2013). Introduction to Language Development. Los Angeles: Sage.

^ Kishon-Rabin, Liat; Rotshtein, Shira; Taitelbaum, Riki (2002). "Underlying Mechanism for Categorical Perception: Tone-Onset Time and Voice-Onset Time Evidence of Hebrew Voicing". Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology. 13 (2): 117–34. doi:10.1515/jbcpp.2002.13.2.117. PMID 16411426. S2CID 9986779.

^ "Speech and Language Developmental Milestones". National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. National Insistitutes of Health. 13 October 2022.

^ Masur, Elise (1995). "Infants' Early Verbal Imitation and Their Later Lexical Development". Merrill-Palmer Quarterly. 41 (3): 286–306.

^ Low DM, Bentley KH, Ghosh, SS (2020). "Automated assessment of psychiatric disorders using speech: A systematic review". Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. 5 (1): 96–116. doi:10.1002/lio2.354. PMC 7042657. PMID 32128436.

^ Richards, Emma (June 2012). "Communication and swallowing problems after stroke". Nursing and Residential Care. 14 (6): 282–286. doi:10.12968/nrec.2012.14.6.282.

^ Zasler, Nathan D.; Katz, Douglas I.; Zafonte, Ross D.; Arciniegas, David B.; Bullock, M. Ross; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S., eds. (2013). Brain injury medicine principles and practice (2nd ed.). New York: Demos Medical. pp. 1086–1104, 1111–1117. ISBN 9781617050572.

^ Ching, Teresa Y. C. (2015). "Is early intervention effective in improving spoken language outcomes of children with congenital hearing loss?". American Journal of Audiology. 24 (3): 345–348. doi:10.1044/2015_aja-15-0007. PMC 4659415. PMID 26649545.

^ The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. "Developmental Delay: An Information Guide for Parents" (PDF). The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.

^ Bauman-Waengler, Jacqueline (2011). Articulatory and phonological impairments: a clinical focus (4th ed., International ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education. pp. 378–385. ISBN 9780132719957.

^ "Speech and Language Therapy". CerebralPalsy.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.

^ Cross, Melanie (2011). Children with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties and communication problems: there is always a reason (2nd ed.). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

^ "Speech–Language Pathologists". ASHA.org. American Speech–Language–Hearing Association. Retrieved 6 April 2015.

^ Kertesz, A. (2005). "Wernicke–Geschwind Model". In L. Nadel, Encyclopedia of cognitive science. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

^ a b Hillis, A.E., & Caramazza, A. (2005). "Aphasia". In L. Nadel, Encyclopedia of cognitive science. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

^ Wernicke K. (1995). "The aphasia symptom-complex: A psychological study on an anatomical basis (1875)". In Paul Eling (ed.). Reader in the History of Aphasia: From sasi(Franz Gall to). Vol. 4. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub Co. pp. 69–89. ISBN 978-90-272-1893-3.

^ Nakai, Y; Jeong, JW; Brown, EC; Rothermel, R; Kojima, K; Kambara, T; Shah, A; Mittal, S; Sood, S; Asano, E (2017). "Three- and four-dimensional mapping of speech and language in patients with epilepsy". Brain. 140 (5): 1351–70. doi:10.1093/brain/awx051. PMC 5405238. PMID 28334963.

^ Tyler, Lorraine K.; Marslen-Wilson, William (2009). "Fronto-temporal brain systems supporting spoken language comprehension". In Moore, Brian C.J.; Tyler, Lorraine K.; Marslen-Wilson, William D. (eds.). The Perception of Speech: from sound to meaning. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 193–217. ISBN 978-0-19-956131-5.

^ Cervantes Constantino, F; Simon, JZ (2018). "Restoration and Efficiency of the Neural Processing of Continuous Speech Are Promoted by Prior Knowledge". Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience. 12 (56): 56. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2018.00056. PMC 6220042. PMID 30429778.

^ "Can any animals talk and use language like humans?". BBC. 16 February 2015. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2022.

^ Hillix, William A.; Rumbaugh, Duane M. (2004), "Washoe, the First Signing Chimpanzee", Animal Bodies, Human Minds: Ape, Dolphin, and Parrot Language Skills, Springer US, pp. 69–85, doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-4512-2_5, ISBN 978-1-4419-3400-0

^ Hu, Jane C. (Aug 20, 2014). "What Do Talking Apes Really Tell Us?". Slate. Archived from the original on October 12, 2018. Retrieved Jan 19, 2020.

^ Terrace, Herbert S. (December 1982). "Why Koko Can't Talk". The Sciences. 22 (9): 8–10. doi:10.1002/j.2326-1951.1982.tb02120.x. ISSN 0036-861X.

Further reading[edit]

(in French) Fitzpatrick, Élizabeth M. Apprendre à écouter et à parler. University of Ottawa Press, 2013. Available at Project MUSE.

External links[edit]

Speech at Wikipedia's sister projects

Definitions from WiktionaryMedia from CommonsNews from WikinewsQuotations from WikiquoteTexts from WikisourceTextbooks from WikibooksResources from Wikiversity

Speaking captured by real-time MRI, YouTube

vteCommunication studies

History

Outline

Topics and terminology

Biocommunication

Broadcasting

Communication

Computer-mediated communication

Conversation

History of communication

Information

Intercultural

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Journalism

Mass media

Meaning

Media ecology

Meta-communication

Models of communication

New media

Nonverbal communication

Nonviolent communication

Propaganda

Reading

Speech

Symbol

Telecommunication

Text and conversation theory

Writing

Subfields

Closed-loop

Communication design

Communication theory

Communicology

Crisis

Climate

Cross-cultural

Developmental

Discourse analysis

Environmental

Global

Health

International

Mass

Media studies

Mediated cross-border

Organizational

Political

Risk

Science

Technical

Visual

Scholars

Adorno

Barthes

Bateson

Benjamin

Burke

Castells

Chomsky

Craig

Ellul

Fisher

Flusser

Gasset

Gerbner

Goffman

Habermas

Horkheimer

Huxley

Innis

Jakobson

Janis

Johnson

Kincaid

Lippman

Luhmann

Marcuse

McLuhan

Mead

Morgan

Ong

Packard

Peirce

Postman

Quebral

Richards

Rogers

Schramm

Shannon

Tankard

Tannen

Wertheimer

Category

Authority control databases: National

France

BnF data

Germany

Israel

United States

Czech Republic

vteNonverbal communicationModalitiesPhysical

Blushing

Body language / Kinesics

Facial expression

Facial Action Coding System

Microexpression

Subtle expression

Gesture

List

Speech-independent gestures

Haptic communication

Imitation

Interpersonal synchrony

Laughter

Oculesics

Eye contact

Pupil dilation

Olfaction

Posture

Proxemics

Speech

Affect

Emotional prosody

Paralanguage

Intonation

Loudness

Prosody

Rhythm

Stress

Tone

Voice quality

Social context

Chronemics

Conventions

Display rules

Habitus

High-context and low-context cultures

Interpersonal relationship

Social norm

Other

Emoticon / Smiley

One-bit message

Missed call

Yo

Punctuation

Silent service code

Unconscious

Microexpression

Non-verbal leakage

Multi-faceted

Affect display

Deception

Emotion recognition

First impression

Intimacy

Broader concepts

Basic interpersonal communicative skills

Communication

Emotional intelligence

Nunchi

People skills

Semiotics

Social behavior

Social cue

Social competence

Social skills

Unsaid

Further informationDisorders

Aprosodia

Autism spectrum

Asperger syndrome

Autism

Fragile X

Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified

Childhood disintegrative disorder

Rett syndrome

Dyssemia

Nonverbal learning disorder

Social (pragmatic) communication disorder

Neuroanatomy

Limbic system / Limbic lobe

Mirror neuron

Applications

Cold reading

Lie detection

Freudian slip

Poker tell

Targeted advertising

Technology

Computer processing of body language

Emotion recognition in conversation

Gesture recognition

List of facial expression databases

Sentiment analysis

Key people

Ray Birdwhistell

Charles Darwin

Paul Ekman

Related

Animal communication

Behavioral communication

Aggressive

Assertive

Passive

Passive-aggressive

Impression management

Meta-communication

Monastic sign lexicons

Verbal communication

Non-verbal language

Sign language

Tactile signing

Tadoma

Art and literature

Mime

Mimoplastic art

Subtext

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Speech&oldid=1212958869"

Categories: SpeechOral communicationLanguageAnimal soundsHidden categories: CS1 errors: periodical ignoredArticles with short descriptionShort description matches WikidataArticles needing additional medical references from August 2022All articles needing additional referencesArticles requiring reliable medical sourcesArticles with French-language sources (fr)Pages using Sister project links with default searchArticles with BNF identifiersArticles with BNFdata identifiersArticles with GND identifiersArticles with J9U identifiersArticles with LCCN identifiersArticles with NKC identifiersArticles containing video clips

This page was last edited on 10 March 2024, at 10:58 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0;

additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

Privacy policy

About Wikipedia

Disclaimers

Contact Wikipedia

Code of Conduct

Developers

Statistics

Cookie statement

Mobile view

Toggle limited content width

What Is a Speech?

What Is a Speech?

English

Business

Design

Education

Home

Education

What Is a Speech?Most people find it difficult to write a speech for themselves. This is because sometimes, whatever is written on print might sound different when said aloud. There’s always the struggle of proper pronunciation and diction, not to mention the fact that delivering a speech can be a a very nerve-racking experience for anyone.

There’s no denying that it’s probably not for everybody. But most of the time, we’re forced to make it anyway. In order for an individual to give an effective speech, one must construct it well and deliver it with confidence.

What Is a Speech?

A speech is a form of verbal or nonverbal communication that is delivered for a given purpose. Good speech communication serves as an important aspect for many professions in terms of promoting proper communication between individuals.

Some speech examples are given during special occasions, such as a wedding speech and a valedictorian speech, while others are made for formal business gatherings.

How to Start a Speech with Power and Confidence

The common misconception about giving a good keynote speech is that it’s a skill that you’re supposedly born with. Obviously, this is not always the case. It’s a skill that you develop overtime through constant practice.

It’s natural to get nervous, everyone does, although it’s not always obvious. This is because it’s all in the mind, if you have a positive mindset then you’re sure to develop the confidence you need. It’s all about believing in yourself, despite all the uncertainties.

Stand straight. Chin up. And look straight at your audience.

This will give you a sense of dominance. Not only that, you would also need to have a certain tone in your voice. When you speak with power, people will want to listen to what you have to say. Whether it’s a motivational speech or a leadership speech, establish your credibility by giving a speech with power and confidence.

Tips for Giving a Killer Speech

Picture everyone in their underwear. Metaphorically speaking, picturing your audience in their underwear would mean to strip them away from how you perceive them, which could probably be a group of monsters who are watching your every move.

Interact with your audience. There’s nothing more interesting than watching a speaker engage the audience into being a part of the conversation.

Observe proper posture. Body language is everything. This will allow you to deliver your speech in word with a high level of confidence.

Avoid dead air. People who are nervous tend to forget the words to say. If this happens, skip this point and come back to it when you remember.

Importance of Speech

A speech examples comes in various forms, all having a specific purpose. The best part about a speech is that it demands to be heard. Whatever a speaker has to say plays a significant purpose for the audience.

It allows the speaker to deliver a message, while the audience listens attentively. Speech in pdf also contributes to human development. It is a continuous learning process that helps develop an individual’s communication skills.

8+ Graduation Speech Examples, Samples

24+ Speech Templates and Examples

7+ Motivational Speech Examples Samples

6+ Orientation Speech Examples, Samples

17+ Speech Examples in Doc

How to Conclude a Speech

7+ Examples of Thank-You Speeches

5+ Introduction Speech Examples, Samples

7+ Welcome Speech Examples, Samples

5+ Speech Examples for Students

7+ Valedictorian Speech Examples, Samples

7+ Special Occasion Speech Examples, Samples

4+ Presentation Speech Examples, Samples

7+ Wedding Speech Examples, Samples

6+ Leadership Speech Examples, Samples

6+ Speech Outline Examples, Samples

How to Start a Speech

How Do You Write a Speech?

4+ Presentation Speech Examples, Samples

Start Editing

Learn

AI Generator

Free Download

AI Generator

Text prompt

Add Tone

Select a Tone

Friendly

Formal

Casual

Instructive

Professional

Empathetic

Humorous

Serious

Optimistic

Neutral

Generate

10 Examples of Public speaking

20 Examples of Gas lighting

Free Download

Free Interactive Teacher Resources

©2024 Examples.com. All rights reserved.

Subjects

English

Chemistry

Physics

Biology

Maths

Business

Agreement

Analysis

Checklist

Contract

Budget

Business Letters

Forms

Plan

Proposal

Report

Schedule

Sheets

Agenda

Certificate

Chart

Documents

Finance

Management

Marketing

Survey

Presentation

Resume

Branding

Mission Statement

Guardianship

Design

Announcement

Banner

Billboard

Brochure

Card

ID Card

Coupon

Cover

Email Signature

Envelope

Flyer

Invitation

Label

Letterhead

Logo

Poster

Signage

Tag

Ticket

Voucher

Event

Education

Case Study

Essay

Finance Education

Goals

Marketing Education

Obituary

Outline

Educational Plan

Questionnaire

Research

Sales

Speech

Scholarship

Summary

Writing

Graduation

Company

About Us

Contact

Privacy Policy

Terms of Use

Disclaimer

Speech Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

Speech Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

Menu Toggle

Merriam-Webster Logo

Games & Quizzes

Games & Quizzes

Word of the Day

Grammar

Wordplay

Word Finder

Thesaurus

Join MWU

Shop

Books

Merch

Settings

My Words

Recents

Account

Log Out

More

Thesaurus

Join MWU

Shop

Books

Merch

Log In

Username

My Words

Recents

Account

Log Out

Est. 1828

Dictionary

Definition

Definition

Synonyms

Example Sentences

Word History

Phrases Containing

Entries Near

Cite this EntryCitation

Share

Kids DefinitionKids

Medical DefinitionMedical

Legal DefinitionLegal

More from M-W

Show more

Show more

Citation

Share

Kids

Medical

Legal

More from M-W

Save Word

To save this word, you'll need to log in.

Log In

speech

noun

ˈspēch 

Synonyms of speech

1

a

: the communication or expression of thoughts in spoken words

b

: exchange of spoken words : conversation

2

a

: something that is spoken : utterance

b

: a usually public discourse : address

3

a

: language, dialect

b

: an individual manner or style of speaking

4

: the power of expressing or communicating thoughts by speaking

Synonyms

address

declamation

harangue

oration

peroration

talk

See all Synonyms & Antonyms in Thesaurus 

Examples of speech in a Sentence

She has to make a speech at the convention.

a graduation speech about embracing future challenges

I was so flustered that I momentarily lost the power of speech.

Slang is used mostly in informal speech.

Many words are more common in speech than in writing.

Recent Examples on the Web

Her father, Richard, was the orchestra and marching band director at the University of Mississippi, and her mother, Frances, taught speech and drama at a junior college.

—Mike Barnes, The Hollywood Reporter, 29 Feb. 2024

While the 1st Amendment protects private citizens’ right to free speech, that protection does not extend to government speech.

—Ronnie Cohen, Los Angeles Times, 29 Feb. 2024

Washington Plaza downtown was transformed into a fairground – not for a speech by Biden, but for the start of Charro Days, the three-day event named for the Mexican cowboys of the region’s history.

—USA TODAY, 29 Feb. 2024

Attended by thousands of people, mostly from the religious right, speakers staked out hard-line positions and called, in fiery speeches, on the government to reject making a deal for the release of hostages and to exact a territorial price from the Palestinians in Gaza.

—Isabel Kershner, New York Times, 28 Feb. 2024

The city presented Mayor Greg Hines' speech by playing a prepared video at the start of the City Council meeting.

—Campbell Roper, arkansasonline.com, 28 Feb. 2024

In Wednesday’s budget speech, Chan also said the government would set aside 1.09 billion Hong Kong dollars ($139 million) in funding to support the tourism industry, including organizing fireworks and drone shows each month at Victoria Harbour.

—Laura He, CNN, 28 Feb. 2024

This network offers every type of healthcare service including general practitioners, specialists, pharmacies, hospitals, labs, X-ray facilities, speech therapists, home oxygen, and more.

—Elizabeth Davis, Verywell Health, 27 Feb. 2024

Trump began his meandering speech with a familiarity that belied his relationship with the majority of Black voters.

—Robin Givhan, Washington Post, 27 Feb. 2024

See More

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'speech.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Middle English speche, from Old English sprǣc, spǣc; akin to Old English sprecan to speak — more at speak

First Known Use

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler

The first known use of speech was

before the 12th century

See more words from the same century

Phrases Containing speech

acceptance speech

part of speech

freedom of speech

free speech

polite speech

speech community

speech therapy

stump speech

speech form

speech impediment

visible speech

figure of speech

speech day

hate speech

Dictionary Entries Near speech

SpEd

speech

speech community

See More Nearby Entries 

Cite this Entry

Style

MLA

Chicago

APA

Merriam-Webster

“Speech.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/speech. Accessed 12 Mar. 2024.

Copy Citation

Share

Post the Definition of speech to Facebook

Facebook

Share the Definition of speech on Twitter

Twitter

Kids Definition

speech

noun

ˈspēch 

1

: the communication or expression of thoughts in spoken words

2

a

: something that is spoken

b

: a public talk

3

: a form of communication (as a language or dialect) used by a particular group

4

: the power of expressing or communicating thoughts by speaking

Medical Definition

speech

noun

ˈspēch 

: the communication or expression of thoughts in spoken words

Legal Definition

speech

noun

: words or conduct used to communicate or express a thought : expression see also commercial speech, freedom of speech, free speech, obscene, symbolic speech

More from Merriam-Webster on speech

Nglish: Translation of speech for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of speech for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about speech

Last Updated:

3 Mar 2024

- Updated example sentences

Love words? Need even more definitions?

Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free!

Merriam-Webster unabridged

Can you solve 4 words at once?

Play

Play

Can you solve 4 words at once?

Play

Play

Word of the Day

ulterior

See Definitions and Examples »

Get Word of the Day daily email!

Popular in Grammar & Usage

See All

8 Grammar Terms You Used to Know, But Forgot

Homophones, Homographs, and Homonyms

Your vs. You're: How to Use Them Correctly

Every Letter Is Silent, Sometimes: A-Z List of Examples

More Commonly Mispronounced Words

See All

Popular in Wordplay

See All

'Arsy-Varsy,' and Other Snappy Reduplicatives

The Words of the Week - Mar. 8

10 Scrabble Words Without Any Vowels

12 More Bird Names that Sound Like Insults (and Sometimes Are)

8 Uncommon Words Related to Love

See All

Games & Quizzes

See All

Quordle

Can you solve 4 words at once?

Play

Blossom Word Game

You can make only 12 words. Pick the best ones!

Play

Missing Letter

A crossword with a twist

Play

Spelling Bee Quiz

Can you outdo past winners of the National Spelli...

Take the quiz

Merriam Webster

Learn a new word every day. Delivered to your inbox!

Help

About Us

Advertising Info

Contact Us

Diversity

Privacy Policy

Terms of Use

Facebook

Twitter

YouTube

Instagram

© 2024 Merriam-Webster, Incorporated

Speech | Language, Voice Production, Anatomy, & Physiology | Britannica

Speech | Language, Voice Production, Anatomy, & Physiology | Britannica

Search Britannica

Click here to search

Search Britannica

Click here to search

Login

Subscribe

Subscribe

Home

Games & Quizzes

History & Society

Science & Tech

Biographies

Animals & Nature

Geography & Travel

Arts & Culture

Money

Videos

On This Day

One Good Fact

Dictionary

New Articles

History & Society

Lifestyles & Social Issues

Philosophy & Religion

Politics, Law & Government

World History

Science & Tech

Health & Medicine

Science

Technology

Biographies

Browse Biographies

Animals & Nature

Birds, Reptiles & Other Vertebrates

Bugs, Mollusks & Other Invertebrates

Environment

Fossils & Geologic Time

Mammals

Plants

Geography & Travel

Geography & Travel

Arts & Culture

Entertainment & Pop Culture

Literature

Sports & Recreation

Visual Arts

Companions

Demystified

Image Galleries

Infographics

Lists

Podcasts

Spotlights

Summaries

The Forum

Top Questions

#WTFact

100 Women

Britannica Kids

Saving Earth

Space Next 50

Student Center

Home

Games & Quizzes

History & Society

Science & Tech

Biographies

Animals & Nature

Geography & Travel

Arts & Culture

Money

Videos

speech

Table of Contents

speech

Table of Contents

IntroductionThe regulatorsRespiratory mechanismsBrain functionsThe structure of the larynxCartilages of the larynxLaryngeal musclesExtrinsic musclesIntrinsic musclesVocal cordsSubstitutes for the larynxEsophageal voiceArtificial larynxTheory of voice productionVocal registersThe basic registersStudies of register differencesVocal attributesVocal frequencyVoice typesVocal rangesHarmonic structureVocal stylesIndividual voice qualityIntensitySinging and speakingSynthetic production of speech sounds

References & Edit History

Quick Facts & Related Topics

Images & Videos

For Students

speech summary

Quizzes

Word Nerd Quiz

Slang Through the Ages Vocabulary Quiz

Related Questions

What was Martin Luther King’s family life like?

What did Martin Luther King, Jr., do?

What is Martin Luther King, Jr., known for?

Who did Martin Luther King, Jr., influence and in what ways?

How did Martin Luther King, Jr., die?

Read Next

Prominent HBCU Alumni

Timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement

Was Martin Luther King, Jr., a Republican or a Democrat?

26 Decade-Defining Events in U.S. History

Selma March Timeline

Discover

New Seven Wonders of the World

Nostradamus and His Prophecies

7 Deadliest Weapons in History

8 Must-See Paintings at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.

7 Famous Child Prodigies

Have Any U.S. Presidents Decided Not to Run For a Second Term?

What Is the “Ides” of March?

Home

Geography & Travel

Languages

Geography & Travel

speech

language

Actions

Cite

verifiedCite

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.

Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Select Citation Style

MLA

APA

Chicago Manual of Style

Copy Citation

Share

Share

Share to social media

Facebook

Twitter

URL

https://www.britannica.com/topic/speech-language

Give Feedback

External Websites

Feedback

Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login).

Feedback Type

Select a type (Required)

Factual Correction

Spelling/Grammar Correction

Link Correction

Additional Information

Other

Your Feedback

Submit Feedback

Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

External Websites

Institute for Natural Language Processing - Voice quality: description and classification

Britannica Websites

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.

speech - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)

speech - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

Print

print

Print

Please select which sections you would like to print:

Table Of Contents

Cite

verifiedCite

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.

Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Select Citation Style

MLA

APA

Chicago Manual of Style

Copy Citation

Share

Share

Share to social media

Facebook

Twitter

URL

https://www.britannica.com/topic/speech-language

Feedback

External Websites

Feedback

Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login).

Feedback Type

Select a type (Required)

Factual Correction

Spelling/Grammar Correction

Link Correction

Additional Information

Other

Your Feedback

Submit Feedback

Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

External Websites

Institute for Natural Language Processing - Voice quality: description and classification

Britannica Websites

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.

speech - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)

speech - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

Also known as: spoken language

Written by

Godfrey Edward Arnold

Professor and Director, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, 1963–79. Coauthor of Voice, Speech, Language; Clinical Communicology.

Godfrey Edward Arnold

Fact-checked by

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Article History

Table of Contents

left hemisphere of the brain

See all media

Category:

Geography & Travel

Key People:

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Sarah Fuller

John Searle

Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud

Harvey Fletcher

(Show more)

Related Topics:

speech disorder

oratory

utterance

articulation

voice

(Show more)

See all related content →

speech, human communication through spoken language. Although many animals possess voices of various types and inflectional capabilities, humans have learned to modulate their voices by articulating the laryngeal tones into audible oral speech. The regulators Respiratory mechanisms Uncover the science behind the transformation of sounds into speechSpeech is the faculty of producing articulated sounds, which, when blended together, form language.(more)See all videos for this articleHuman speech is served by a bellows-like respiratory activator, which furnishes the driving energy in the form of an airstream; a phonating sound generator in the larynx (low in the throat) to transform the energy; a sound-molding resonator in the pharynx (higher in the throat), where the individual voice pattern is shaped; and a speech-forming articulator in the oral cavity (mouth). Normally, but not necessarily, the four structures function in close coordination. Audible speech without any voice is possible during toneless whisper, and there can be phonation without oral articulation as in some aspects of yodeling that depend on pharyngeal and laryngeal changes. Silent articulation without breath and voice may be used for lipreading. An early achievement in experimental phonetics at about the end of the 19th century was a description of the differences between quiet breathing and phonic (speaking) respiration. An individual typically breathes approximately 18 to 20 times per minute during rest and much more frequently during periods of strenuous effort. Quiet respiration at rest as well as deep respiration during physical exertion are characterized by symmetry and synchrony of inhalation (inspiration) and exhalation (expiration). Inspiration and expiration are equally long, equally deep, and transport the same amount of air during the same period of time, approximately half a litre (one pint) of air per breath at rest in most adults. Recordings (made with a device called a pneumograph) of respiratory movements during rest depict a curve in which peaks are followed by valleys in fairly regular alternation. Phonic respiration is different; inhalation is much deeper than it is during rest and much more rapid. After one takes this deep breath (one or two litres of air), phonic exhalation proceeds slowly and fairly regularly for as long as the spoken utterance lasts. Trained speakers and singers are able to phonate on one breath for at least 30 seconds, often for as much as 45 seconds, and exceptionally up to one minute. The period during which one can hold a tone on one breath with moderate effort is called the maximum phonation time; this potential depends on such factors as body physiology, state of health, age, body size, physical training, and the competence of the laryngeal voice generator—that is, the ability of the glottis (the vocal cords and the opening between them) to convert the moving energy of the breath stream into audible sound. A marked reduction in phonation time is characteristic of all the laryngeal diseases and disorders that weaken the precision of glottal closure, in which the cords (vocal folds) come close together, for phonation.

Britannica Quiz

Slang Through the Ages Vocabulary Quiz

Respiratory movements when one is awake and asleep, at rest and at work, silent and speaking are under constant regulation by the nervous system. Specific respiratory centres within the brain stem regulate the details of respiratory mechanics according to the body needs of the moment. Conversely, the impact of emotions is heard immediately in the manner in which respiration drives the phonic generator; the timid voice of fear, the barking voice of fury, the feeble monotony of melancholy, or the raucous vehemence during agitation are examples. Conversely, many organic diseases of the nervous system or of the breathing mechanism are projected in the sound of the sufferer’s voice. Some forms of nervous system disease make the voice sound tremulous; the voice of the asthmatic sounds laboured and short winded; certain types of disease affecting a part of the brain called the cerebellum cause respiration to be forced and strained so that the voice becomes extremely low and grunting. Such observations have led to the traditional practice of prescribing that vocal education begin with exercises in proper breathing. The mechanism of phonic breathing involves three types of respiration: (1) predominantly pectoral breathing (chiefly by elevation of the chest), (2) predominantly abdominal breathing (through marked movements of the abdominal wall), (3) optimal combination of both (with widening of the lower chest). The female uses upper chest respiration predominantly, the male relies primarily on abdominal breathing. Many voice coaches stress the ideal of a mixture of pectoral (chest) and abdominal breathing for economy of movement. Any exaggeration of one particular breathing habit is impractical and may damage the voice.

Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content.

Subscribe Now

Brain functions How does the McGurk effect trick your brain?The McGurk effect illustrates how visual cues can have an impact on our perception of speech.(more)See all videos for this articleThe question of what the brain does to make the mouth speak or the hand write is still incompletely understood despite a rapidly growing number of studies by specialists in many sciences, including neurology, psychology, psycholinguistics, neurophysiology, aphasiology, speech pathology, cybernetics, and others. A basic understanding, however, has emerged from such study. In evolution, one of the oldest structures in the brain is the so-called limbic system, which evolved as part of the olfactory (smell) sense. It traverses both hemispheres in a front to back direction, connecting many vitally important brain centres as if it were a basic mainline for the distribution of energy and information. The limbic system involves the so-called reticular activating system (structures in the brain stem), which represents the chief brain mechanism of arousal, such as from sleep or from rest to activity. In humans, all activities of thinking and moving (as expressed by speaking or writing) require the guidance of the brain cortex. Moreover, in humans the functional organization of the cortical regions of the brain is fundamentally distinct from that of other species, resulting in high sensitivity and responsiveness toward harmonic frequencies and sounds with pitch, which characterize human speech and music. Know Broca's lesion method in mapping brain activity in humans and how studies of brain disorders to the Broca area help evolve the scientific understanding of cognitionLearn about the brain and how studies of brain disorders—such as aphasia caused by damage to the Broca area—have helped advance the scientific understanding of cognition.(more)See all videos for this articleIn contrast to animals, humans possess several language centres in the dominant brain hemisphere (on the left side in a clearly right-handed person). It was previously thought that left-handers had their dominant hemisphere on the right side, but recent findings tend to show that many left-handed persons have the language centres more equally developed in both hemispheres or that the left side of the brain is indeed dominant. The foot of the third frontal convolution of the brain cortex, called Broca’s area, is involved with motor elaboration of all movements for expressive language. Its destruction through disease or injury causes expressive aphasia, the inability to speak or write. The posterior third of the upper temporal convolution represents Wernicke’s area of receptive speech comprehension. Damage to this area produces receptive aphasia, the inability to understand what is spoken or written as if the patient had never known that language. Broca’s area surrounds and serves to regulate the function of other brain parts that initiate the complex patterns of bodily movement (somatomotor function) necessary for the performance of a given motor act. Swallowing is an inborn reflex (present at birth) in the somatomotor area for mouth, throat, and larynx. From these cells in the motor cortex of the brain emerge fibres that connect eventually with the cranial and spinal nerves that control the muscles of oral speech. In the opposite direction, fibres from the inner ear have a first relay station in the so-called acoustic nuclei of the brain stem. From here the impulses from the ear ascend, via various regulating relay stations for the acoustic reflexes and directional hearing, to the cortical projection of the auditory fibres on the upper surface of the superior temporal convolution (on each side of the brain cortex). This is the cortical hearing centre where the effects of sound stimuli seem to become conscious and understandable. Surrounding this audito-sensory area of initial crude recognition, the inner and outer auditopsychic regions spread over the remainder of the temporal lobe of the brain, where sound signals of all kinds appear to be remembered, comprehended, and fully appreciated. Wernicke’s area (the posterior part of the outer auditopsychic region) appears to be uniquely important for the comprehension of speech sounds. The integrity of these language areas in the cortex seems insufficient for the smooth production and reception of language. The cortical centres are interconnected with various subcortical areas (deeper within the brain) such as those for emotional integration in the thalamus and for the coordination of movements in the cerebellum (hindbrain).

All creatures regulate their performance instantaneously comparing it with what it was intended to be through so-called feedback mechanisms involving the nervous system. Auditory feedback through the ear, for example, informs the speaker about the pitch, volume, and inflection of his voice, the accuracy of articulation, the selection of the appropriate words, and other audible features of his utterance. Another feedback system through the proprioceptive sense (represented by sensory structures within muscles, tendons, joints, and other moving parts) provides continual information on the position of these parts. Limitations of these systems curtail the quality of speech as observed in pathologic examples (deafness, paralysis, underdevelopment).

SPEECH | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

SPEECH | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

Dictionary

Translate

Grammar

Thesaurus

+Plus

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

Shop

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

My profile

+Plus help

Log out

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

My profile

+Plus help

Log out

Log in

/

Sign up

English (UK)

Search

Search

English

Meaning of speech in English

speechnoun uk

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/spiːtʃ/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/spiːtʃ/

speech noun

(SAY WORDS)

Add to word list

Add to word list

B1 [ U ] the ability to talk, the activity of talking, or a piece of spoken language: Children usually develop speech in the second year of life. People who suffer a stroke may experience a loss of speech.

[ U ] the way a person talks: His speech was slurred and I thought he was drunk.

B1 [ U ] the language used when talking: Some expressions are used more in speech than in writing.

[ C ] a set of words spoken in a play: Do you know the words to Hamlet's famous speech at the beginning of Act III?

More examplesFewer examplesShe suffers from a speech defect.From her slow, deliberate speech I guessed she must be drunk.Freedom of speech and freedom of thought were both denied under the dictatorship.As a child, she had some speech problems.We use these aids to develop speech in small children.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Informal talking & conversation

a problem shared is a problem halved idiom

bantering

banteringly

bants

bloviate

bull session

buzz

catch

chew the fat idiom

conversation

conversational

gambit

palaver

pass

patter

persiflage

put the world to rights idiom

shoot

take/lead someone on/to one side idiom

tête-à-tête

See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Ways of speaking

Literature

speech noun

(FORMAL TALK)

B2 [ C ] a formal talk given usually to a large number of people on a special occasion: I had to give/make a speech at my brother's wedding. The Governor of New York delivered a rousing speech to the national convention. He gave the after-dinner speech (= a talk given after a formal evening meal at which a large number of people are present). Did you hear her acceptance speech at the Oscars ceremony? See also

speak (FORMAL TALK)

Thesaurus: synonyms, antonyms, and examples

a talktalkShe will give a talk on keeping kids safe on the internet.lectureThe lecture is entitled "War and the Modern American Presidency".presentationWe were given a presentation of progress made to date.speechYou might have to make a speech when you accept the award.addressHe took the oath of office then delivered his inaugural address.orationIt was to become one of the most famous orations in American history.

See more results »

More examplesFewer examplesHer speech was received with cheers and a standing ovation.She closed the meeting with a short speech.The vicar's forgetting his lines in the middle of the speech provided some good comedy.Her speech caused outrage among the gay community.She concluded the speech by reminding us of our responsibility.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Lecturing & addressing

call for papers

CFP

co-present

discourse

eunoia

extemporize

floor

hold

jawbone

lead off

maiden speech

monologue

onto

presentation

sermon

sermonize

speak

speaking

speechify

talk at someone

See more results »

Grammar

Speech into writingBoth speech and writing can be formal or informal. Whether language is formal or informal depends on who our readers and listeners are, for what purpose we use the language and the situation in which we use it. For example, an official notice would be written in formal English, whereas the same information would be more commonly written informally by an individual in a less public situation: …

(Definition of speech from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)

speech | American Dictionary

speechnoun us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/spitʃ/

speech noun

(TALKING)

Add to word list

Add to word list

[ U ] the ability to talk, or the activity of talking: People who suffer a stroke may experience a loss of speech.

[ U ] Your speech is also your way of talking: His speech became slurred and indistinct.

[ U ] Speech can also mean the language used when talking: Some expressions are used more in speech than in writing.

speech noun

(FORMAL TALK)

[ C ] a formal talk given usually to a large number of people on a special occasion: an acceptance speech I’m nervous about the speech I’m making tomorrow.

(Definition of speech from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

Examples of speech

speech

In political speeches and policy documents the tensions between equity, need and choice are reconciled into a seamless narrative of the move towards modernity.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Political speeches and policy documents offer several different resolutions to this tension.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

His speeches were peppered with reviews of national legislation, along with foreign and imperial affairs.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

The substance of his speeches is usually nothing said in schoolboy florid rhetoric.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

The versification is mixed, but several long speeches, as well as much of the dialogue, is in octosyllabic couplets.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Although responses on flag burning are significantly correlated with data on protest speeches (r 0.33) and public rallies (r 0.37), the relationships are moderate.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Surprisingly little use is made of the protagonists' own writings and speeches, which should have been the first line of study.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

As the volume approaches the present, more and more space is taken up by lengthy quotations from speeches and documents rather than accounts of them.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Workmen did not always listen in silence ; ' mutinous courses ' and ' contemptuous speeches ' expressed a more ugly mood.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Several speeches at the 1897 congress alluded to the perceived significance of theatre beyond mere entertainment.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Like a poet laureate, this professor often had to write poems and speeches for festive occasions, such as the king's birthday or the university's birthday.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

Interviews and press conferences differ from speeches and, even more, from written documents, because one's interlocutors are physically present and are there to ask questions.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

The bridge was formally opened amid a fanfare of self-congratulation, reinforced by a parade, official speeches, fireworks and massive press coverage.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

In reporting speeches, as in reporting the ' hard news ', a commitment to nonpartisan ' newsgathering ' could limit the effectiveness of a particular policy advocacy.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

The first layer are those written almost contemporaneously, on the basis of speeches, public documents, and newspaper reports.

From the Cambridge English Corpus

See all examples of speech

These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.

Collocations with speech

speech

These are words often used in combination with speech.Click on a collocation to see more examples of it.

after-dinner speechIt might be said that this or that was wrong in somebody's after-dinner speech.

From the Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0

 

brief speechHer analysis is rich and eloquently demonstrates the wealth of information that can be extracted from one brief speech event.

From the Cambridge English Corpus  

campaign speechHe dropped out of the contest prior to the election, but not before delivering his campaign speech to the convention.

From Wikipedia

This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.

 

These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.

See all collocations with speech

What is the pronunciation of speech?

 

B1,B1,B2

Translations of speech

in Chinese (Traditional)

說話, 說話能力, 談話…

See more

in Chinese (Simplified)

说话, 说话能力, 谈话…

See more

in Spanish

habla, discurso, discurso [masculine…

See more

in Portuguese

fala, discurso, discurso [masculine]…

See more

in more languages

in Marathi

in Japanese

in Turkish

in French

in Catalan

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

in Danish

in Swedish

in Malay

in German

in Norwegian

in Urdu

in Ukrainian

in Russian

in Telugu

in Arabic

in Bengali

in Czech

in Indonesian

in Thai

in Vietnamese

in Polish

in Korean

in Italian

वाचा, बोलणे, बोलीभाषा…

See more

話す能力, 話し方, スピーチ…

See more

konuşma biçimi, lehçe, ağız…

See more

discours [masculine], langage [masculine], parole…

See more

parla, discurs…

See more

het spreken, taal, spraak…

See more

பேசும் திறன், பேசும் செயல்பாடு அல்லது பேசும் மொழியின் ஒரு பகுதி, ஒரு நபர் பேசும் விதம்…

See more

बोलने की क्षमता, बोलने की गतिविधि, बोली…

See more

બોલવાની ક્ષમતા, બોલવાની ક્રિયા, અથવા બોલાતી ભાષાનો એક ભાગ…

See more

tale, sprog, måde at tale på…

See more

tal, anförande…

See more

bertutur, pertuturan, pertuturann…

See more

die Sprache, das Sprechen, die Rede…

See more

tale [masculine], taleevne [masculine], tale(evne)…

See more

بولنے کے لائق, تقریر, قوتِ گویائی…

See more

мова, мовлення, вимова…

See more

(устная) речь, речь, выступление…

See more

మాటలు, మాట్లాడే విధానం, భాష…

See more

حَديث, خِطاب…

See more

কথা, বক্তব্য, বাকশক্তি…

See more

řeč, způsob řeči, projev…

See more

wicara, perkataan, cara bicara…

See more

การพูด, คำพูด, ลักษณะการพูด…

See more

khả năng, hành động nói, lời nói…

See more

mowa, przemówienie, język…

See more

말, 연설…

See more

parola, modo di parlare, linguaggio…

See more

Need a translator?

Get a quick, free translation!

Translator tool

 

Browse

speculum

speculum metal

speculum mirror

sped

speech

speech act

BETA

speech and language therapist

speech and language therapy

speech bubble

More meanings of speech

All

free speech

part of speech

reported speech

cued speech

hate speech

non-speech

speech act

See all meanings

Idioms and phrases

a figure of speech idiom

Word of the Day

response

UK

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/rɪˈspɒns/

US

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/rɪˈspɑːns/

an answer or reaction

About this

Blog

Forget doing it or forget to do it? Avoiding common mistakes with verb patterns (2)

March 06, 2024

Read More

New Words

inverse vaccine

March 11, 2024

More new words

has been added to list

To top

Contents

EnglishAmericanExamplesCollocationsTranslations

© Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2024

Learn

Learn

Learn

New Words

Help

In Print

Word of the Year 2021

Word of the Year 2022

Word of the Year 2023

Develop

Develop

Develop

Dictionary API

Double-Click Lookup

Search Widgets

License Data

About

About

About

Accessibility

Cambridge English

Cambridge University Press & Assessment

Consent Management

Cookies and Privacy

Corpus

Terms of Use

© Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2024

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

My profile

+Plus help

Log out

Dictionary

Definitions

Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English

English

Learner’s Dictionary

Essential British English

Essential American English

Translations

Click on the arrows to change the translation direction.

Bilingual Dictionaries

English–Chinese (Simplified)

Chinese (Simplified)–English

English–Chinese (Traditional)

Chinese (Traditional)–English

English–Dutch

Dutch–English

English–French

French–English

English–German

German–English

English–Indonesian

Indonesian–English

English–Italian

Italian–English

English–Japanese

Japanese–English

English–Norwegian

Norwegian–English

English–Polish

Polish–English

English–Portuguese

Portuguese–English

English–Spanish

Spanish–English

English–Swedish

Swedish–English

Semi-bilingual Dictionaries

English–Arabic

English–Bengali

English–Catalan

English–Czech

English–Danish

English–Gujarati

English–Hindi

English–Korean

English–Malay

English–Marathi

English–Russian

English–Tamil

English–Telugu

English–Thai

English–Turkish

English–Ukrainian

English–Urdu

English–Vietnamese

Translate

Grammar

Thesaurus

Pronunciation

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

Shop

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

My profile

+Plus help

Log out

Log in /

Sign up

English (UK)  

Change

English (UK)

English (US)

Español

Русский

Português

Deutsch

Français

Italiano

中文 (简体)

正體中文 (繁體)

Polski

한국어

Türkçe

日本語

Tiếng Việt

Nederlands

Svenska

Dansk

Norsk

हिंदी

বাঙ্গালি

मराठी

ગુજરાતી

தமிழ்

తెలుగు

Українська

Follow us

Choose a dictionary

Recent and Recommended

Definitions

Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English

English

Learner’s Dictionary

Essential British English

Essential American English

Grammar and thesaurus

Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English

Grammar

Thesaurus

Pronunciation

British and American pronunciations with audio

English Pronunciation

Translation

Click on the arrows to change the translation direction.

Bilingual Dictionaries

English–Chinese (Simplified)

Chinese (Simplified)–English

English–Chinese (Traditional)

Chinese (Traditional)–English

English–Dutch

Dutch–English

English–French

French–English

English–German

German–English

English–Indonesian

Indonesian–English

English–Italian

Italian–English

English–Japanese

Japanese–English

English–Norwegian

Norwegian–English

English–Polish

Polish–English

English–Portuguese

Portuguese–English

English–Spanish

Spanish–English

English–Swedish

Swedish–English

Semi-bilingual Dictionaries

English–Arabic

English–Bengali

English–Catalan

English–Czech

English–Danish

English–Gujarati

English–Hindi

English–Korean

English–Malay

English–Marathi

English–Russian

English–Tamil

English–Telugu

English–Thai

English–Turkish

English–Ukrainian

English–Urdu

English–Vietnamese

Dictionary +Plus

Word Lists

Choose your language

English (UK)  

English (US)

Español

Русский

Português

Deutsch

Français

Italiano

中文 (简体)

正體中文 (繁體)

Polski

한국어

Türkçe

日本語

Tiếng Việt

Nederlands

Svenska

Dansk

Norsk

हिंदी

বাঙ্গালি

मराठी

ગુજરાતી

தமிழ்

తెలుగు

Українська

Contents

English 

 

Noun 

speech (SAY WORDS)

speech (FORMAL TALK)

American 

 

Noun 

speech (TALKING)

speech (FORMAL TALK)

Examples

Collocations

Translations

Grammar

All translations

My word lists

Add speech to one of your lists below, or create a new one.

More

Go to your word lists

Tell us about this example sentence:

The word in the example sentence does not match the entry word.

The sentence contains offensive content.

Cancel

Submit

The word in the example sentence does not match the entry word.

The sentence contains offensive content.

Cancel

Submit

3 Ways to Write a Speech - wikiHow

3 Ways to Write a Speech - wikiHow

Skip to ContentQuizzesPRO

Courses

Guides

New

Tech Help Pro

Expert Videos

About wikiHow Pro

Upgrade

Sign In

QUIZZESEDIT

Edit this Article

EXPLORE

Tech Help ProAbout UsRandom ArticleQuizzes

Request a New ArticleCommunity DashboardThis Or That Game

Popular Categories

Arts and EntertainmentArtworkBooksMoviesComputers and ElectronicsComputersPhone SkillsTechnology HacksHealthMen's HealthMental HealthWomen's HealthRelationshipsDatingLoveRelationship Issues

Hobbies and CraftsCraftsDrawingGamesEducation & CommunicationCommunication SkillsPersonal DevelopmentStudyingPersonal Care and StyleFashionHair CarePersonal HygieneYouthPersonal CareSchool StuffDating

All Categories

Arts and EntertainmentFinance and BusinessHome and GardenRelationship Quizzes

Cars & Other VehiclesFood and EntertainingPersonal Care and StyleSports and Fitness

Computers and ElectronicsHealthPets and AnimalsTravel

Education & CommunicationHobbies and CraftsPhilosophy and ReligionWork World

Family LifeHolidays and TraditionsRelationshipsYouth

LOG IN

Log in

Social login does not work in incognito and private browsers. Please log in with your username or email to continue.

Facebook

Google

wikiHow Account

No account yet? Create an account

RANDOMHomeRandomBrowse ArticlesLearn Something NewGuidesCoursesQuizzesHotPlay GamesThis Or That GameNewTrain Your BrainExplore MoreSupport wikiHowAbout wikiHowLog in / Sign upTerms of Use

wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Learn why people trust wikiHow

CategoriesEducation and CommunicationsCommunication SkillsPublic SpeakingSpeechesSpeechwritingHow to Write a Speech

Download Article

Explore this Article

methods

Sample Speeches

1

Drafting an Effective Speech

2

Making Your Speech More Engaging

Other Sections

Expert Q&A

Related Articles

References

Article Summary

Co-authored by

Patrick Muñoz

Last Updated: March 11, 2024

Fact Checked

Download Article

X

This article was co-authored by Patrick Muñoz. Patrick is an internationally recognized Voice & Speech Coach, focusing on public speaking, vocal power, accent and dialects, accent reduction, voiceover, acting and speech therapy. He has worked with clients such as Penelope Cruz, Eva Longoria, and Roselyn Sanchez. He was voted LA's Favorite Voice and Dialect Coach by BACKSTAGE, is the voice and speech coach for Disney and Turner Classic Movies, and is a member of Voice and Speech Trainers Association.

There are 7 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page.

This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources.

This article has been viewed 2,968,373 times.

Giving an original speech for a class, event, or work presentation can be nerve-wracking. However, writing an effective speech can help to bolster your confidence. With careful planning and an eye for detail, you can write a speech that will inform, persuade, motivate, or entertain! Give yourself plenty of time to craft your speech and practice it several times for best results.

Steps

Sample Speeches

Sample Political Speech

Sample Speech Asking for Donations

Sample High School Graduation Speech

Method 1

Method 1 of 2:

Drafting an Effective Speech

Download Article

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/6d\/Write-a-Speech-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/6\/6d\/Write-a-Speech-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

1

Research your topic well. If you are writing an informative or persuasive speech, then it should be very well researched! This will help to give you credibility and make your points far more convincing. Seek out scholarly sources, such as books, academic journals, newspaper articles, and government websites to find information and support for your claims.[1]

X

Research source

If you are writing a speech for a class, make sure to check with your teacher to get details about the number and acceptable types of sources.

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/79\/Write-a-Speech-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/7\/79\/Write-a-Speech-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

2

Make an outline that includes your main argument and points. Organizing your ideas and research into an outline is a great way to check for completeness and flow before you actually draft the speech.[2]

X

Expert Source

Patrick MuñozVoice & Speech Coach

Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

In general, a speech should include an introduction, 5 main points with supporting evidence (such as statistics, quotes, examples, and anecdotes), and a conclusion. Use a numbered structure or simply outline your speech using bullet points.[3]

X

Research source

If you are writing an informative or persuasive speech, then plan to arrange your speech with a problem and solution structure. Start the speech by talking about what is wrong, then explain how to fix the problem in the second half of your speech.[4]

X

Research source

Tip: Keep in mind that you can always refine your outline later or as you draft your speech. Include all of the information that seems relevant now with the expectation that you will likely need to pare it down later.

Advertisement

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Write-a-Speech-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Write-a-Speech-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

3

Choose a hook to grab the audience’s attention right away. The opening line of a speech may be the most important part because this is when your audience will decide if they want to keep listening or not. Depending on your topic and your goals for the speech, you can start by saying something funny, sad, frightening, or shocking to hook your audience.[5]

X

Research source

For example, if you are writing a motivational speech about weight loss, then you might say something like, “Five years ago, I could not walk up a flight of stairs without needing to take a break halfway up.”

If you hope to persuade audience members to reduce their use of fossil fuels, then you might start off by saying, “Gas-powered vehicles are the reason why global warming is threatening to destroy our planet.”

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/85\/Write-a-Speech-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/8\/85\/Write-a-Speech-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

4

Connect your topic to a larger issue to give background information. Depending on how niche your topic is, your audience may not feel its relevance unless you explain it to them. This is crucial because if the topic seems irrelevant to your audience, then they are unlikely to pay much attention. Think about the big picture and how your topic fits into it. Why should the people in your audience care about this topic?[6]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, if you are giving a speech on increasing funding for Alzheimer’s research, it would be helpful to provide information on how common Alzheimer’s disease is and how it affects families. You could accomplish this with a combination of a statistic and an anecdote.

Tip: Keep your introduction less than 1 paragraph or 1 double-spaced page long. This will help to ensure that you do not spend too much time on the context and background before getting to the meat of your topic.[7]

X

Research source

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Write-a-Speech-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Write-a-Speech-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

5

Address each of your main points in a logical order. After introducing your topic and providing context, launch right into your points. State each point clearly and offer additional information, evidence, facts, and statistics to explain each of your points.[8]

X

Expert Source

Patrick MuñozVoice & Speech Coach

Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

Plan to devote about 1 paragraph to each of your points.[9]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, in a speech about ending animal testing for cosmetics, you might start with a point about how animal testing is cruel, then explain that it is unnecessary, and then talk about the alternatives to animal testing that make it obsolete.

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Write-a-Speech-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Write-a-Speech-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

6

Introduce new topics and summarize material you have already covered.[10]

X

Expert Source

Patrick MuñozVoice & Speech Coach

Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

Another way to help your audience understand the points you are making is to provide a brief 1 to 2 sentence overview before you move onto a new topic and then summarize the material in 1 to 2 sentences after you finish explaining it. Put the previews and summaries in plain, simple terms to help make your points clear to your audience.[11]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, if you are about to cover the concept of delayed onset muscle soreness (also known as DOMS), then explain what it is in a nutshell first, then go into more detail about it and how it relates to your point, then end that section of your speech with a brief summary of the main point you are trying to make.

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/46\/Write-a-Speech-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/4\/46\/Write-a-Speech-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

7

Include transitions to guide your audience through your speech. Transitions improve the flow of your speech and help readers see how your points are connected. You may not notice transitions when you read or write something, but when they are not included a piece of writing will seem choppy and awkward. Check to make sure that you have included transitions throughout your speech. Some common transition words and phrases include:[12]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

Then

Next

Before

After

First

Second

In that moment

The following week

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/92\/Write-a-Speech-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/92\/Write-a-Speech-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

8

Conclude your speech with a call-to-action. As you near the end of your speech, your audience should be excited by your topic and ready to act. Encourage your audience to find out more and participate in a solution to the problem you have described by telling them how they can do so. This is a great opportunity to share resources with your audience and to give them some direction for how they can participate.[13]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, if you have just described the effects of global warming on the polar bear population, conclude your speech by telling your audience about non-profit organizations that are working to protect the environment and the polar bear population.

If you have just shared your weight loss story to motivate your audience, tell them what they can do to start their own weight loss journey and share resources that you found helpful.

Advertisement

Method 2

Method 2 of 2:

Making Your Speech More Engaging

Download Article

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Write-a-Speech-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Write-a-Speech-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

1

Keep your words and sentences short and simple. Using big words when simpler ones will express the same meaning may alienate your audience. Likewise, long, complex sentences can be confusing and muddle your point. Stick to simple language for the bulk of your speech. Only use complex words or phrases if there is no other way to express the ideas.[14]

X

Research source

For example, instead of saying, “Achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight is the pinnacle of human existence because it enables you to accomplish physical feats that boost your confidence and give you a sense of accomplishment,” say, “A healthy body weight allows you to do more physically, and this may make you happier overall.”

Keep in mind that it is also important to vary your sentence structure. You can include a longer sentence once or twice per page to add variety to your speech. Just avoid using lots of long sentences in your speech.[15]

X

Research source

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e1\/Write-a-Speech-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/e\/e1\/Write-a-Speech-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

2

Favor nouns over pronouns for clarity. It’s okay to use the occasional pronoun, especially if doing so will help you to avoid repeating yourself multiple times. However, using too many pronouns can make it hard for your audience to follow your argument and keep track of what you are talking about. Opt for proper nouns (names of places, people, and things) whenever possible and avoid overusing pronouns. Some common pronouns include:[16]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

it

he

her

they

we

that

those

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/99\/Write-a-Speech-Step-15-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-15-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/99\/Write-a-Speech-Step-15-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-15-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

3

Repeat a word or phrase a few times during your speech. Repetition is a powerful element of speech writing. While too much repetition in any piece of writing can be distracting, repeating a word or phrase a few times during your speech can help to crystallize your argument and keep your audience engaged.[17]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, if you are giving a speech for a group of sales associates who are trying to increase sales of a new product called “Synergy,” then you might repeat a simple phrase to that effect, such as “Tell your customers about Synergy,” or you could simply say, “Synergy” a few times during your speech to remind your audience of this product.

If you are writing a motivational speech about how running can help people to overcome emotional hurdles, then you might repeat a phrase in your speech to emphasize this idea, such as, “Run through the pain.”

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/79\/Write-a-Speech-Step-16-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-16-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/7\/79\/Write-a-Speech-Step-16-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-16-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

4

Limit statistics and quotes to avoid overwhelming your audience. It may seem like providing tons of statistics and quotes by experts is a sure way to make a convincing argument, but it often has the opposite effect. Limit yourself to only 1 or 2 statistics or quotes per point and only include stats and quotes that are truly meaningful.[18]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, if you are giving a speech about moose mating patterns, 2 numbers that show the decline in the moose population over a 50 year period may be a striking addition to your speech. However, sharing a complex set of moose population statistics would be less compelling and possibly even confusing to your audience.

Choose quotes that are easy to follow and make sure that you explain how each quote you use supports to your argument. Try to stick with quotes that use simple language and take up no more than 2 lines on your page.

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/95\/Write-a-Speech-Step-17-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-17-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/95\/Write-a-Speech-Step-17-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-17-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

5

Maintain an appropriate tone throughout your speech. The tone is the overall mood of your speech, which can range from serious to upbeat, or humorous to urgent. Your choice of words and the way you deliver the speech will affect the tone of your speech.[19]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

For example, when describing your love of food in a motivational speech about becoming a chef, you might decide to include a joke and say something like, “I always wanted to become a chef, ever since I was a little kid and I discovered that people actually make donuts and they don’t just randomly fall from the sky.”

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/24\/Write-a-Speech-Step-18-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-18-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/24\/Write-a-Speech-Step-18-Version-3.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-18-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

6

Provide visual aids if you are allowed. Having a PowerPoint presentation is not a requirement for a good speech, but it can help your audience members to follow along, especially if you have some complex points to make. You can also use slides to provide visual representations of your main points, such as by projecting pictures, pie charts, and quotes.[20]

X

Research source

Avoid relying on the slides to make the speech for you. You will still need to deliver your speech in an engaging manner. Only use the slides as a complement to your words.

{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Write-a-Speech-Step-19.jpg\/v4-460px-Write-a-Speech-Step-19.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Write-a-Speech-Step-19.jpg\/aid3472-v4-728px-Write-a-Speech-Step-19.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

License: Creative Commons<\/a>
\n<\/p>


\n<\/p><\/div>"}

7

Practice and check for weak spots that you can improve. Once you have finished writing your speech, read through it several times to practice it and identify areas that you can strengthen. If you need to keep your speech within a set time limit, then time yourself as you read.[21]

X

Trustworthy Source

University of North Carolina Writing Center

UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process

Go to source

Make sure to read your speech out loud when you review it! This will help you to determine if it sounds natural and if there are any awkward sections that you can cut, smooth out, or explain more clearly.[22]

X

Research source

Ask a friend or family member to listen to you deliver your speech and give you feedback on it before you deliver it.[23]

X

Expert Source

Patrick MuñozVoice & Speech Coach

Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

Advertisement

Expert Q&A

Search

Add New Question

Question

How do you practice giving a speech?

Patrick Muñoz

Voice & Speech Coach

Patrick is an internationally recognized Voice & Speech Coach, focusing on public speaking, vocal power, accent and dialects, accent reduction, voiceover, acting and speech therapy. He has worked with clients such as Penelope Cruz, Eva Longoria, and Roselyn Sanchez. He was voted LA's Favorite Voice and Dialect Coach by BACKSTAGE, is the voice and speech coach for Disney and Turner Classic Movies, and is a member of Voice and Speech Trainers Association.

Patrick Muñoz

Voice & Speech Coach

Expert Answer

Consider practicing in front of a mirror or filming yourself and watching it back. Another really good way to practice is reciting the speech in front of a friend so that you're forced to do it before you actually give the speech.

Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.

Thank you for your feedback.

If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission.

Support wikiHow

Yes

No

Not Helpful 2

Helpful 11

Question

Can you start a speech with a question?

Community Answer

A question is a great way to start a speech. Follow up the question with some facts that prove your argument, then conclude your speech by answering the question you started with.

Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.

Thank you for your feedback.

If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission.

Support wikiHow

Yes

No

Not Helpful 40

Helpful 214

Question

How should I start a speech?

Community Answer

Start with an interesting line that will catch your audience's attention or surprise them. This will make you more approachable and your speech more relatable. It will draw your audience in and keep them captivated.

Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.

Thank you for your feedback.

If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission.

Support wikiHow

Yes

No

Not Helpful 57

Helpful 276

See more answers

Ask a Question

200 characters left

Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered.

Submit

Advertisement

Tips

Submit a Tip

All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published

Submit

Thanks for submitting a tip for review!

Reader Videos

Submit a Video Tip!

Share a quick video tip and help bring articles to life with your friendly advice. Your insights could make a real difference and help millions of people!

Submit a Video

Coming Soon!

You Might Also Like

How toWrite a Welcome Speech

How toWrite a Speech Introducing Yourself

How toWrite a Persuasive Speech

How toWrite a Speech About Yourself

How toWrite a Speech Outline

How toWrite an Informative Speech

How toWrite Talking Points

How toWrite an Acceptance Speech

How toWrite an Introduction for a Persuasive Speech

How toWrite a Keynote Speech

How toWrite a Presidential Speech

How toWrite an Icebreaker Speech

How toWrite a Campaign Speech

How toWrite a Eulogy

Advertisement

References

↑ http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm

↑ Patrick Muñoz. Voice & Speech Coach. Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

↑ https://www.write-out-loud.com/howtowritespeech.html

↑ http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm

↑ https://www.academicwritingsuccess.com/7-sensational-essay-hooks/

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://www.unr.edu/writing-speaking-center/student-resources/writing-speaking-resources/speech-introductions

↑ Patrick Muñoz. Voice & Speech Coach. Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

More References (14)

↑ Patrick Muñoz. Voice & Speech Coach. Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm

↑ https://pac.org/content/speechwriting-101-writing-effective-speech

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ https://pac.org/content/speechwriting-101-writing-effective-speech

↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/speeches/

↑ http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm

↑ Patrick Muñoz. Voice & Speech Coach. Expert Interview. 12 November 2019.

About This Article

Co-authored by:

Patrick Muñoz

Voice & Speech Coach

This article was co-authored by Patrick Muñoz. Patrick is an internationally recognized Voice & Speech Coach, focusing on public speaking, vocal power, accent and dialects, accent reduction, voiceover, acting and speech therapy. He has worked with clients such as Penelope Cruz, Eva Longoria, and Roselyn Sanchez. He was voted LA's Favorite Voice and Dialect Coach by BACKSTAGE, is the voice and speech coach for Disney and Turner Classic Movies, and is a member of Voice and Speech Trainers Association. This article has been viewed 2,968,373 times.

394 votes - 74%

Co-authors: 172

Updated: March 11, 2024

Views: 2,968,373

Categories: Featured Articles | Speechwriting

Article SummaryXTo write a speech, start off with an attention-grabbing statement, like "Before I begin my speech, I have something important to say." Once you've gotten everyone's attention, move on to your strongest argument or point first since that's what audiences will remember the most. Use transitions throughout your speech, like "This brings us back to the bigger picture," so the audience doesn't get lost. To conclude your speech, restate the key points and leave your audience with a question or something to think about. To learn how to edit your first draft, scroll down!

Did this summary help you?YesNo

In other languages

Deutsch:Eine Rede schreiben

Español:escribir y dar un discurso

Italiano:Scrivere un Discorso

Русский:написать речь для выступления

Français:écrire un discours

Nederlands:Een toespraak schrijven

中文:写一篇演讲稿

Čeština:Jak napsat proslov

Bahasa Indonesia:Menulis Sebuah Pidato

العربية:كتابة خطبة

हिन्दी:भाषण लिखें

日本語:スピーチを書く

한국어:발표문을 작성하는 법

Tiếng Việt:Viết một Bài phát biểu

Türkçe:Bir Konuşma Nasıl Yazılır

Print

Send fan mail to authors

Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 2,968,373 times.

Reader Success Stories

Saniya

May 8, 2018

"I had a speech to be written on a topic of my choice, and had never got any practice or knowledge beforehand. This article really helped me write a good speech! Everything is step-by-step, with powerful examples and easy-to-follow methods in each part. Brilliant. Thank you!"..." more

Rated this article:

More reader stories

Hide reader stories

Share your story

Did this article help you?

Yes

No

Advertisement

Cookies make wikiHow better. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our cookie policy.

Co-authored by:

Patrick Muñoz

Voice & Speech Coach

394 votes - 74%

Click a star to vote

% of people told us that this article helped them.

Co-authors: 172

Updated: March 11, 2024

Views: 2,968,373

Saniya

May 8, 2018

"I had a speech to be written on a topic of my choice, and had never got any practice or knowledge beforehand. This article really helped me write a good speech! Everything is step-by-step, with powerful examples and easy-to-follow methods in each part. Brilliant. Thank you!"..." more

Rated this article:

Anna Machok

Aug 9, 2016

"Amazing! I never knew what a speech sounds like, but I very much liked addressing the public. What stood out for me in this article are the steps towards speech writing and how to gain credibility during speech delivery."..." more

Anonymous

Apr 27, 2017

"I had to write a speech about a certain quote. Your article about how to write a speech helped me decide who and what to write about, and how formal I really had to be."..." more

Rated this article:

Stephanie Johnson

Apr 24, 2018

"The brightly-colored examples were very helpful. The pauses in between section was an eye-opener for me. It will give me the edge in speaking and teaching it."..." more

Sundus Ghayas

Apr 9, 2016

"It was helpful because I was writing a speech for taking part in a competition and it helped make my speech better."

Share yours!

More success stories

Hide success stories

QuizzesAm I a Narcissist or an Empath QuizTake QuizDoes He Like Me QuizTake QuizWhat Is My Aesthetic QuizTake QuizAm I Gay QuizTake QuizWhy Can't I Sleep QuizTake QuizZodiac Compatibility QuizTake Quiz

You Might Also LikeHow toWrite a Welcome SpeechHow toWrite a Speech Introducing YourselfHow toWrite a Persuasive SpeechHow toWrite a Speech About Yourself

Featured ArticlesHow toEnjoy Your Early Teen YearsHow toMake Your School More Period FriendlyHow to Prepare for Your Classes: Tips for Creating a Study TimetableHow to Redo Rock LandscapingHow toMingle With Strangers at PartiesWhat Does It Mean When Your Left Ear Rings? 5 Spiritual InterpretationsTrending ArticlesHow toIntroduce Friends to Other FriendsHow toEstimate Distances (by Using Your Thumb and Eyes)Am I Manipulative QuizHow Do You Know if Your Avoidant Partner Loves You?Which Powerpuff Girl Am I QuizHow toMake Natural DyesFeatured ArticlesHow to Find the Name of a Song without Knowing the LyricsHow toSave MoneyHow toTeachHow toUnderstand Your PersonalityHow to Stop a Dog from Jumping Up on PeopleHow toStrengthen CharacterFeatured ArticlesAlways Win at Connect 4: The Strategy That Will Keep You on TopLoving Yourself: Simple and Easy Ways to Practice Self-Love Every Day10 Easy Ways to Keep Earbuds from Falling Out of Your EarsHow toGain Control of Your EmotionsHow to Make Your Phone Harder to TrackHow to Dance: Smooth and Simple Moves for Any OccasionWatch ArticlesAerating Wine: Benefits, the Breakdown, & Which Wines You Can Skip4 Simple Ways to Fold or Roll a WrapHow toMake a Stress Ball with SlimeHow toMake Nutella Hot ChocolateHow toClean a Charger PortHow toBleach JeansTrending ArticlesHow toMake Your Feet BeautifulHow to Use the Push-Pull TechniqueHow to Make Friends in Your 20s after CollegeYes, You Can Shrink Polyester, and Here’s HowHow to Tell If Your Ex Is Manifesting You: 15 Powerful Signs How toReinvent Yourself After a Break Up (Girls)

CategoriesEducation and CommunicationsCommunication SkillsPublic SpeakingSpeechesSpeechwriting

wikiHow Newsletter

You're all set!

Helpful how-tos delivered toyour inbox every week!

Sign me up!

By signing up you are agreeing to receive emails according to our privacy policy.

Home

About wikiHow

Experts

Jobs

Contact Us

Site Map

Terms of Use

Privacy Policy

Do Not Sell or Share My Info

Not Selling Info

Contribute

Follow Us

×

Don’t miss out! Sign up for

wikiHow’s newsletter

Subscribe

You're all set!

X

--684

How to Write a Good Speech: 10 Steps and Tips

How to Write a Good Speech: 10 Steps and Tips

Just announced! Explore the agenda for Uplift 2024 | April 10–11 in SF

EN - US

English US

Deutsch

English GB

Français

For Business

How it works

Platform Overview

Transform your enterprise with the scalable mindsets, skills, & behavior change that drive performance.

Integrations

Explore how BetterUp connects to your core business systems.

Powered by AI

We pair AI with the latest in human-centered coaching to drive powerful, lasting learning and behavior change.

Products

BetterUp Lead

Build leaders that accelerate team performance and engagement.

BetterUp Manage™

Unlock performance potential at scale with AI-powered curated growth journeys.

BetterUp Care™

Build resilience, well-being and agility to drive performance across your entire enterprise.

Solutions

Sales Performance

Transform your business, starting with your sales leaders.

Executive

Unlock business impact from the top with executive coaching.

Diversity & Inclusion

Foster a culture of inclusion and belonging.

Government

Accelerate the performance and potential of your agencies and employees.

Customers

Case Studies

See how innovative organizations use BetterUp to build a thriving workforce.

Why BetterUp?

Discover how BetterUp measurably impacts key business outcomes for organizations like yours.

A demo is the first step to transforming your business. Meet with us to develop a plan for attaining your goals.

For Individuals

What is coaching?

About Coaching

Learn how 1:1 coaching works, who its for, and if it's right for you.

Find your Coach

Accelerate your personal and professional growth with the expert guidance of a BetterUp Coach.

Types of Coaching

Career Coaching

Navigate career transitions, accelerate your professional growth, and achieve your career goals with expert coaching.

Communications Coaching

Enhance your communication skills for better personal and professional relationships, with tailored coaching that focuses on your needs.

Life Coaching

Find balance, resilience, and well-being in all areas of your life with holistic coaching designed to empower you.

Discover your perfect match: Take our 5-minute assessment and let us pair you with one of our top Coaches tailored just for you.

Resources

Library

Guides & Reports

Best practices, research, and tools to fuel individual and business growth.

Events

View on-demand BetterUp events and learn about upcoming live discussions.

Blog

BetterUp Blog

The latest insights and ideas for building a high-performing workplace.

BetterUp Briefing

BetterUp Briefing

The online magazine that helps you understand tomorrow's workforce trends, today.

Research

BetterUp Labs

Innovative research featured in peer-reviewed journals, press, and more.

Center for Purpose & Performance

Founded in 2022 to deepen the understanding of the intersection of well-being, purpose, and performance

About

About Us

We're on a mission to help everyone live with clarity, purpose, and passion.

Careers

Join us and create impactful change.

News & Press

Read the buzz about BetterUp.

Leadership Team

Meet the leadership that's passionate about empowering your workforce.

Login

EN - US

EN - US

English US

Deutsch

English GB

Français

For Business

For Business

How it works

Platform Overview

Transform your enterprise with the scalable mindsets, skills, & behavior change that drive performance.

Integrations

Explore how BetterUp connects to your core business systems.

Powered by AI

We pair AI with the latest in human-centered coaching to drive powerful, lasting learning and behavior change.

Products

BetterUp Lead

Build leaders that accelerate team performance and engagement.

BetterUp Manage™

Unlock performance potential at scale with AI-powered curated growth journeys.

BetterUp Care™

Build resilience, well-being and agility to drive performance across your entire enterprise.

Solutions

Sales Performance

Transform your business, starting with your sales leaders.

Executive

Unlock business impact from the top with executive coaching.

Diversity & Inclusion

Foster a culture of inclusion and belonging.

Government

Accelerate the performance and potential of your agencies and employees.

Customers

Case Studies

See how innovative organizations use BetterUp to build a thriving workforce.

Why BetterUp?

Discover how BetterUp measurably impacts key business outcomes for organizations like yours.

For Individuals

For Individuals

What is coaching?

About Coaching

Learn how 1:1 coaching works, who its for, and if it's right for you.

Find your Coach

Accelerate your personal and professional growth with the expert guidance of a BetterUp Coach.

Types of Coaching

Career Coaching

Navigate career transitions, accelerate your professional growth, and achieve your career goals with expert coaching.

Communications Coaching

Enhance your communication skills for better personal and professional relationships, with tailored coaching that focuses on your needs.

Life Coaching

Find balance, resilience, and well-being in all areas of your life with holistic coaching designed to empower you.

Resources

Resources

Library

Guides & Reports

Best practices, research, and tools to fuel individual and business growth.

Events

View on-demand BetterUp events and learn about upcoming live discussions.

Blog

BetterUp Blog

The latest insights and ideas for building a high-performing workplace.

BetterUp Briefing

BetterUp Briefing

The online magazine that helps you understand tomorrow's workforce trends, today.

Research

BetterUp Labs

Innovative research featured in peer-reviewed journals, press, and more.

Center for Purpose & Performance

Founded in 2022 to deepen the understanding of the intersection of well-being, purpose, and performance

About

About

About Us

We're on a mission to help everyone live with clarity, purpose, and passion.

Careers

Join us and create impactful change.

News & Press

Read the buzz about BetterUp.

Leadership Team

Meet the leadership that's passionate about empowering your workforce.

Login

Blog

Professional Development

How to write a speech that your audience remembers

By Elizabeth Perry

September 7, 2023

- 27 min read

Share this article

Jump to section

Understand Yourself Better:

Big 5 Personality Test

Learn how to leverage your natural strengths to determine your next steps and meet your goals faster.

Take quiz

Understand Yourself Better:

Big 5 Personality Test

Learn how to leverage your natural strengths to determine your next steps and meet your goals faster.

Take quiz

Invest in yourself today

Whether in a work meeting or at an investor panel, you might give a speech at some point. And no matter how excited you are about the opportunity, the experience can be nerve-wracking. 

But feeling butterflies doesn’t mean you can’t give a great speech. With the proper preparation and a clear outline, apprehensive public speakers and natural wordsmiths alike can write and present a compelling message. Here’s how to write a good speech you’ll be proud to deliver.

What is good speech writing?

Good speech writing is the art of crafting words and ideas into a compelling, coherent, and memorable message that resonates with the audience. Here are some key elements of great speech writing:

It begins with clearly understanding the speech's purpose and the audience it seeks to engage. 

A well-written speech clearly conveys its central message, ensuring that the audience understands and retains the key points. 

It is structured thoughtfully, with a captivating opening, a well-organized body, and a conclusion that reinforces the main message. 

Good speech writing embraces the power of engaging content, weaving in stories, examples, and relatable anecdotes to connect with the audience on both intellectual and emotional levels. 

Ultimately, it is the combination of these elements, along with the authenticity and delivery of the speaker, that transforms words on a page into a powerful and impactful spoken narrative.

What makes a good speech?

A great speech includes several key qualities, but three fundamental elements make a speech truly effective:

Clarity and purpose

Firstly, clarity and purpose are key. The speaker must be clear and focused on their message throughout. The audience should easily understand the purpose and takeaway of the speech without any ambiguity.

Remembering the audience

Secondly, the speech must engage and connect with the audience. It's helpful to use storytelling and other techniques to maintain their interest, and the speaker should speak to their emotions and needs. When the audience feels connected to the speech, it becomes memorable and impactful.

Cohesive structure

Lastly, a well-organized structure is essential. A good introduction should grab the audience's attention and introduce the topic and purpose. Then, the body should present key points and evidence logically and easy to follow. The conclusion should summarize the main points and reinforce the central message.

While other important factors make a speech a home run, these three elements are essential for writing an effective speech.

The main elements of a good speech

The main elements of a speech typically include:

Introduction: The introduction sets the stage for your speech and grabs the audience's attention. It should include a hook or attention-grabbing opening, introduce the topic, and provide an overview of what will be covered.

Opening/captivating statement: This is a strong statement that immediately engages the audience and creates curiosity about the speech topics.

Thesis statement/central idea: The thesis statement or central idea is a concise statement that summarizes the main point or argument of your speech. It serves as a roadmap for the audience to understand what your speech is about.

Body: The body of the speech is where you elaborate on your main points or arguments. Each point is typically supported by evidence, examples, statistics, or anecdotes. The body should be organized logically and coherently, with smooth transitions between the main points.

Supporting evidence: This includes facts, data, research findings, expert opinions, or personal stories that support and strengthen your main points. Well-chosen and credible evidence enhances the persuasive power of your speech.

Transitions: Transitions are phrases or statements that connect different parts of your speech, guiding the audience from one idea to the next. Effective transitions signal the shifts in topics or ideas and help maintain a smooth flow throughout the speech.

Counterarguments and rebuttals (if applicable): If your speech involves addressing opposing viewpoints or counterarguments, you should acknowledge and address them. Presenting counterarguments makes your speech more persuasive and demonstrates critical thinking.

Conclusion: The conclusion is the final part of your speech and should bring your message to a satisfying close. Summarize your main points, restate your thesis statement, and leave the audience with a memorable closing thought or call to action.

Closing statement: This is the final statement that leaves a lasting impression and reinforces the main message of your speech. It can be a call to action, a thought-provoking question, a powerful quote, or a memorable anecdote.

Delivery and presentation: How you deliver your speech is also an essential element to consider. Pay attention to your tone, body language, eye contact, voice modulation, and timing. Practice and rehearse your speech, and try using the 7-38-55 rule to ensure confident and effective delivery.

While the order and emphasis of these elements may vary depending on the type of speech and audience, these elements provide a framework for organizing and delivering a successful speech.

How to structure a good speech

You know what message you want to transmit, who you’re delivering it to, and even how you want to say it. But you need to know how to start, develop, and close a speech before writing it. 

Think of a speech like an essay. It should have an introduction, conclusion, and body sections in between. This places ideas in a logical order that the audience can better understand and follow them. Learning how to make a speech with an outline gives your storytelling the scaffolding it needs to get its point across.

Here’s a general speech structure to guide your writing process:

Opening

Main point

Explanation 1

Explanation 2

Explanation 3

Second point

Explanation 1

Explanation 2

Explanation 3

Third Point

Explanation 1

Explanation 2

Explanation 3

Conclusion

How to write a compelling speech opener

Some research shows that engaged audiences pay attention for only 15 to 20 minutes at a time. Other estimates are even lower, citing that people stop listening intently in fewer than 10 minutes. If you make a good first impression at the beginning of your speech, you have a better chance of interesting your audience through the middle when attention spans fade. 

Implementing the INTRO model can help grab and keep your audience’s attention as soon as you start speaking. This acronym stands for interest, need, timing, roadmap, and objectives, and it represents the key points you should hit in an opening. 

Here’s what to include for each of these points: 

Interest: Introduce yourself or your topic concisely and speak with confidence. Write a compelling opening statement using relevant data or an anecdote that the audience can relate to.

Needs: The audience is listening to you because they have something to learn. If you’re pitching a new app idea to a panel of investors, those potential partners want to discover more about your product and what they can earn from it. Read the room and gently remind them of the purpose of your speech. 

Timing: When appropriate, let your audience know how long you’ll speak. This lets listeners set expectations and keep tabs on their own attention span. If a weary audience member knows you’ll talk for 40 minutes, they can better manage their energy as that time goes on. 

Routemap: Give a brief overview of the three main points you’ll cover in your speech. If an audience member’s attention starts to drop off and they miss a few sentences, they can more easily get their bearings if they know the general outline of the presentation.

Objectives: Tell the audience what you hope to achieve, encouraging them to listen to the end for the payout. 

Writing the middle of a speech

The body of your speech is the most information-dense section. Facts, visual aids, PowerPoints — all this information meets an audience with a waning attention span. Sticking to the speech structure gives your message focus and keeps you from going off track, making everything you say as useful as possible.

Limit the middle of your speech to three points, and support them with no more than three explanations. Following this model organizes your thoughts and prevents you from offering more information than the audience can retain. 

Using this section of the speech to make your presentation interactive can add interest and engage your audience. Try including a video or demonstration to break the monotony. A quick poll or survey also keeps the audience on their toes. 

Wrapping the speech up

To you, restating your points at the end can feel repetitive and dull. You’ve practiced countless times and heard it all before. But repetition aids memory and learning, helping your audience retain what you’ve told them. Use your speech’s conclusion to summarize the main points with a few short sentences.

Try to end on a memorable note, like posing a motivational quote or a thoughtful question the audience can contemplate once they leave. In proposal or pitch-style speeches, consider landing on a call to action (CTA) that invites your audience to take the next step.

 

How to write a good speech

If public speaking gives you the jitters, you’re not alone. Roughly 80% of the population feels nervous before giving a speech, and another 10% percent experiences intense anxiety and sometimes even panic. 

The fear of failure can cause procrastination and can cause you to put off your speechwriting process until the last minute. Finding the right words takes time and preparation, and if you’re already feeling nervous, starting from a blank page might seem even harder.

But putting in the effort despite your stress is worth it. Presenting a speech you worked hard on fosters authenticity and connects you to the subject matter, which can help your audience understand your points better. Human connection is all about honesty and vulnerability, and if you want to connect to the people you’re speaking to, they should see that in you.

1. Identify your objectives and target audience

Before diving into the writing process, find healthy coping strategies to help you stop worrying. Then you can define your speech’s purpose, think about your target audience, and start identifying your objectives. Here are some questions to ask yourself and ground your thinking: 

What purpose do I want my speech to achieve? 

What would it mean to me if I achieved the speech’s purpose?

What audience am I writing for? 

What do I know about my audience? 

What values do I want to transmit? 

If the audience remembers one take-home message, what should it be? 

What do I want my audience to feel, think, or do after I finish speaking? 

What parts of my message could be confusing and require further explanation?

2. Know your audience

Understanding your audience is crucial for tailoring your speech effectively. Consider the demographics of your audience, their interests, and their expectations. For instance, if you're addressing a group of healthcare professionals, you'll want to use medical terminology and data that resonate with them. Conversely, if your audience is a group of young students, you'd adjust your content to be more relatable to their experiences and interests. 

3. Choose a clear message

Your message should be the central idea that you want your audience to take away from your speech. Let's say you're giving a speech on climate change. Your clear message might be something like, "Individual actions can make a significant impact on mitigating climate change." Throughout your speech, all your points and examples should support this central message, reinforcing it for your audience.

4. Structure your speech

Organizing your speech properly keeps your audience engaged and helps them follow your ideas. The introduction should grab your audience's attention and introduce the topic. For example, if you're discussing space exploration, you could start with a fascinating fact about a recent space mission. In the body, you'd present your main points logically, such as the history of space exploration, its scientific significance, and future prospects. Finally, in the conclusion, you'd summarize your key points and reiterate the importance of space exploration in advancing human knowledge.

5. Use engaging content for clarity

Engaging content includes stories, anecdotes, statistics, and examples that illustrate your main points. For instance, if you're giving a speech about the importance of reading, you might share a personal story about how a particular book changed your perspective. You could also include statistics on the benefits of reading, such as improved cognitive abilities and empathy.

6. Maintain clarity and simplicity

It's essential to communicate your ideas clearly. Avoid using overly technical jargon or complex language that might confuse your audience. For example, if you're discussing a medical breakthrough with a non-medical audience, explain complex terms in simple, understandable language.

7. Practice and rehearse

Practice is key to delivering a great speech. Rehearse multiple times to refine your delivery, timing, and tone. Consider using a mirror or recording yourself to observe your body language and gestures. For instance, if you're giving a motivational speech, practice your gestures and expressions to convey enthusiasm and confidence.

8. Consider nonverbal communication

Your body language, tone of voice, and gestures should align with your message. If you're delivering a speech on leadership, maintain strong eye contact to convey authority and connection with your audience. A steady pace and varied tone can also enhance your speech's impact.

9. Engage your audience

Engaging your audience keeps them interested and attentive. Encourage interaction by asking thought-provoking questions or sharing relatable anecdotes. If you're giving a speech on teamwork, ask the audience to recall a time when teamwork led to a successful outcome, fostering engagement and connection.

10. Prepare for Q&A

Anticipate potential questions or objections your audience might have and prepare concise, well-informed responses. If you're delivering a speech on a controversial topic, such as healthcare reform, be ready to address common concerns, like the impact on healthcare costs or access to services, during the Q&A session.

By following these steps and incorporating examples that align with your specific speech topic and purpose, you can craft and deliver a compelling and impactful speech that resonates with your audience.

Tools for writing a great speech

There are several helpful tools available for speechwriting, both technological and communication-related. Here are a few examples:

Word processing software: Tools like Microsoft Word, Google Docs, or other word processors provide a user-friendly environment for writing and editing speeches. They offer features like spell-checking, grammar correction, formatting options, and easy revision tracking.

Presentation software: Software such as Microsoft PowerPoint or Google Slides is useful when creating visual aids to accompany your speech. These tools allow you to create engaging slideshows with text, images, charts, and videos to enhance your presentation.

Speechwriting Templates: Online platforms or software offer pre-designed templates specifically for speechwriting. These templates provide guidance on structuring your speech and may include prompts for different sections like introductions, main points, and conclusions.

Rhetorical devices and figures of speech: Rhetorical tools such as metaphors, similes, alliteration, and parallelism can add impact and persuasion to your speech. Resources like books, websites, or academic papers detailing various rhetorical devices can help you incorporate them effectively.

Speechwriting apps: Mobile apps designed specifically for speechwriting can be helpful in organizing your thoughts, creating outlines, and composing a speech. These apps often provide features like voice recording, note-taking, and virtual prompts to keep you on track.

Grammar and style checkers: Online tools or plugins like Grammarly or Hemingway Editor help improve the clarity and readability of your speech by checking for grammar, spelling, and style errors. They provide suggestions for sentence structure, word choice, and overall tone.

Thesaurus and dictionary: Online or offline resources such as thesauruses and dictionaries help expand your vocabulary and find alternative words or phrases to express your ideas more effectively. They can also clarify meanings or provide context for unfamiliar terms.

Online speechwriting communities: Joining online forums or communities focused on speechwriting can be beneficial for getting feedback, sharing ideas, and learning from experienced speechwriters. It's an opportunity to connect with like-minded individuals and improve your public speaking skills through collaboration.

Remember, while these tools can assist in the speechwriting process, it's essential to use them thoughtfully and adapt them to your specific needs and style. The most important aspect of speechwriting remains the creativity, authenticity, and connection with your audience that you bring to your speech.

5 tips for writing a speech

Behind every great speech is an excellent idea and a speaker who refined it. But a successful speech is about more than the initial words on the page, and there are a few more things you can do to help it land.

Here are five more tips for writing and practicing your speech:

1. Structure first, write second

If you start the writing process before organizing your thoughts, you may have to re-order, cut, and scrap the sentences you worked hard on. Save yourself some time by using a speech structure, like the one above, to order your talking points first. This can also help you identify unclear points or moments that disrupt your flow.

2. Do your homework

Data strengthens your argument with a scientific edge. Research your topic with an eye for attention-grabbing statistics, or look for findings you can use to support each point. If you’re pitching a product or service, pull information from company metrics that demonstrate past or potential successes. 

Audience members will likely have questions, so learn all talking points inside and out. If you tell investors that your product will provide 12% returns, for example, come prepared with projections that support that statement.

3. Sound like yourself

Memorable speakers have distinct voices. Think of Martin Luther King Jr’s urgent, inspiring timbre or Oprah’s empathetic, personal tone. Establish your voice — one that aligns with your personality and values — and stick with it. If you’re a motivational speaker, keep your tone upbeat to inspire your audience. If you’re the CEO of a startup, try sounding assured but approachable. 

4. Practice

As you practice a speech, you become more confident, gain a better handle on the material, and learn the outline so well that unexpected questions are less likely to trip you up. Practice in front of a colleague or friend for honest feedback about what you could change, and speak in front of the mirror to tweak your nonverbal communication and body language.

5. Remember to breathe

When you’re stressed, you breathe more rapidly. It can be challenging to talk normally when you can’t regulate your breath. Before your presentation, try some mindful breathing exercises so that when the day comes, you already have strategies that will calm you down and remain present. This can also help you control your voice and avoid speaking too quickly.

How to ghostwrite a great speech for someone else

Ghostwriting a speech requires a unique set of skills, as you're essentially writing a piece that will be delivered by someone else. Here are some tips on how to effectively ghostwrite a speech:

Understand the speaker's voice and style: Begin by thoroughly understanding the speaker's personality, speaking style, and preferences. This includes their tone, humor, and any personal anecdotes they may want to include.

Interview the speaker: Have a detailed conversation with the speaker to gather information about their speech's purpose, target audience, key messages, and any specific points they want to emphasize. Ask for personal stories or examples they may want to include.

Research thoroughly: Research the topic to ensure you have a strong foundation of knowledge. This helps you craft a well-informed and credible speech.

Create an outline: Develop a clear outline that includes the introduction, main points, supporting evidence, and a conclusion. Share this outline with the speaker for their input and approval.

Write in the speaker's voice: While crafting the speech, maintain the speaker's voice and style. Use language and phrasing that feel natural to them. If they have a particular way of expressing ideas, incorporate that into the speech.

Craft a captivating opening: Begin the speech with a compelling opening that grabs the audience's attention. This could be a relevant quote, an interesting fact, a personal anecdote, or a thought-provoking question.

Organize content logically: Ensure the speech flows logically, with each point building on the previous one. Use transitions to guide the audience from one idea to the next smoothly.

Incorporate engaging stories and examples: Include anecdotes, stories, and real-life examples that illustrate key points and make the speech relatable and memorable.

Edit and revise: Edit the speech carefully for clarity, grammar, and coherence. Ensure the speech is the right length and aligns with the speaker's time constraints.

Seek feedback: Share drafts of the speech with the speaker for their feedback and revisions. They may have specific changes or additions they'd like to make.

Practice delivery: If possible, work with the speaker on their delivery. Practice the speech together, allowing the speaker to become familiar with the content and your writing style.

Maintain confidentiality: As a ghostwriter, it's essential to respect the confidentiality and anonymity of the work. Do not disclose that you wrote the speech unless you have the speaker's permission to do so.

Be flexible: Be open to making changes and revisions as per the speaker's preferences. Your goal is to make them look good and effectively convey their message.

Meet deadlines: Stick to agreed-upon deadlines for drafts and revisions. Punctuality and reliability are essential in ghostwriting.

Provide support: Support the speaker during their preparation and rehearsal process. This can include helping with cue cards, speech notes, or any other materials they need.

Remember that successful ghostwriting is about capturing the essence of the speaker while delivering a well-structured and engaging speech. Collaboration, communication, and adaptability are key to achieving this.

Give your best speech yet

Learn how to make a speech that’ll hold an audience’s attention by structuring your thoughts and practicing frequently. Put the effort into writing and preparing your content, and aim to improve your breathing, eye contact, and body language as you practice. The more you work on your speech, the more confident you’ll become.

The energy you invest in writing an effective speech will help your audience remember and connect to every concept. Remember: some life-changing philosophies have come from good speeches, so give your words a chance to resonate with others. You might even change their thinking.

Professional Development

Published September 7, 2023

Elizabeth Perry Content Marketing Manager, ACC

Read Next

Professional Development

16 min read

| February 16, 2024

6 presentation skills and how to improve them

Presentation skills are necessary for any speaker, whether you’re giving a speech or leading a meeting. Learn how to engage an audience with this guide.

Read More

Professional Development

17 min read

| February 28, 2024

What are analytical skills? Examples and how to level up

Developing analytical skills can help you take the next step on the career ladder. Find out everything you need to know about how to develop your aptitude.

Read More

Professional Development

16 min read

| April 17, 2023

Create a networking plan in 7 easy steps

Take your career to the next level and extend your list of professional contacts by developing an effective networking plan in 7 easy steps.

Read More

Professional Development

16 min read

| January 29, 2024

How to write an impactful cover letter for a career change

A cover letter for a career change is your opportunity to explain why your transferable skills and past experience make you the perfect applicant.

Read More

Professional Development

12 min read

| May 6, 2021

The 11 tips that will improve your public speaking skills

No matter what your career path, most employees will at some point have to present, train, lead, or participate in a public forum. All require public speaking skills....

Read More

Professional Development

13 min read

| May 26, 2022

5 Zoom etiquette tips for employees

Whether you’re working remotely or in the office, video calls are here to stay. Follow these 5 zoom etiquette tips to keep meetings running smoothly.

Read More

Professional Development

12 min read

| October 13, 2023

Wondering how to change careers? 12 steps to switch it up

Are you planning a job switch? Learn how to change careers and navigate the sometimes challenging transition between your old role and your new one.

Read More

Professional Development

13 min read

| October 13, 2022

What is a career statement, and should you write one?

What is a career statement, and how do you write one? Learn six steps to writing a career statement that will help you define and achieve your career goals.

Read More

Professional Development

14 min read

| October 4, 2022

10+ interpersonal skills at work and ways to develop them

Strong interpersonal skills and key for leadership and employees alike. Here are 10+ ways to develop yours and those of your team.

Read More

Similar Articles

Professional Development 

How to write an executive summary in 10 steps

Professional Development 

How to disagree at work without being obnoxious

Professional Development 

The importance of good speech: 5 tips to be more articulate

Professional Development 

How to pitch ideas: 8 tips to captivate any audience

Professional Development 

How to give a good presentation that captivates any audience

Professional Development 

Writing an elevator pitch about yourself: a how-to plus tips

Professional Development 

6 presentation skills and how to improve them

Professional Development 

How to write a letter of recommendation (with examples)

Productivity 

How to write a memo: 8 steps with examples

Stay connected with BetterUp

Get our newsletter, event invites, plus product insights and research.

3100 E 5th Street, Suite 350 Austin, TX 78702

For Business

How it works

Platform Overview

Integrations

Powered by AI

Products

BetterUp Lead

BetterUp Manage™

BetterUp Care™

Solutions

Sales Performance

Executive

Diversity & Inclusion

Government

Customers

Case Studies

Why BetterUp?

For Individuals

What is coaching?

About Coaching

Find your Coach

Types of Coaching

Career Coaching

Communication Coaching

Life Coaching

Company

News and Press

Careers

Leadership Team

Become a BetterUp Coach

Resources

Blog

BetterUp Labs

BetterUp Briefing

Center for Purpose & Performance

What is coaching?

Leadership Training

Business Coaching

Contact Us

Contact Support

Contact Sales

Legal Hub

Privacy Policy

Acceptable Use Policy

Trust & Security

Cookie Preferences

© 2024 BetterUp. All rights reserved

What Is Speech? What Is Language?

What Is Speech? What Is Language?

You do not have JavaScript Enabled on this browser. Please enable it in order to use the full functionality of our website.

about

Join ASHA

ASHA Store

My Account

Login

LOGOUT

Toggle navigation

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

Making effective communication, a human right, accessible and achievable for all.

Type your search query here

Careers

Certification

Publications

Events

Advocacy

Continuing Education

Practice Management

Research

Audiologists

Speech-Language Pathologists

Academic & Faculty

Audiology & SLP Assistants

Students

Public

ASHA

/

Public /

Speech /

Development /

What Is Speech? What Is Language?

[en Español]

Speech and language are different. A person can have problems with one or both. Learn about the difference here. See a speech-language pathologist, or SLP, if you have concerns.

Jorge is 4 years old. It is hard to understand him when he talks. He is quiet when he speaks, and his sounds are not clear.

Vicki is in high school. She has had learning problems since she was young. She has trouble reading and writing and needs extra time to take tests.

Maryam had a stroke. She can only say one or two words at a time. She cannot tell her son what she wants and needs. She also has trouble following simple directions.

Louis also had a stroke. He is able to understand everything he hears and speaks in full sentences. The problem is that he has slurred speech and is hard to understand.

All of these people have trouble communicating. But their problems are different.

What Is Speech?

Speech is how we say sounds and words. Speech includes:

Articulation How we make speech sounds using the mouth, lips, and tongue. For example, we need to be able to say the “r” sound to say "rabbit" instead of "wabbit.”

VoiceHow we use our vocal folds and breath to make sounds. Our voice can be loud or soft or high- or low-pitched. We can hurt our voice by talking too much, yelling, or coughing a lot.

Fluency This is the rhythm of our speech. We sometimes repeat sounds or pause while talking. People who do this a lot may stutter.

What Is Language?

Language refers to the words we use and how we use them to share ideas and get what we want. Language includes:

What words mean. Some words have more than one meaning. For example, “star” can be a bright object in the sky or someone famous.

How to make new words. For example, we can say “friend,” “friendly,” or “unfriendly” and mean something different.

How to put words together. For example, in English we say, “Peg walked to the new store” instead of “Peg walk store new.”

What we should say at different times. For example, we might be polite and say, “Would you mind moving your foot?” But, if the person does not move, we may say, “Get off my foot!”

Language and Speech Disorders

We can have trouble with speech, language, or both. Having trouble understanding what others say is a receptive language disorder. Having problems sharing our thoughts, ideas, and feelings is an expressive language disorder. It is possible to have both a receptive and an expressive language problem.

When we have trouble saying sounds, stutter when we speak, or have voice problems, we have a speech disorder.

Jorge has a speech disorder that makes him hard to understand. So does Louis. The reason Tommy has trouble is different than the reason Louis does.

Maryam has a receptive and expressive language disorder. She does not understand what words mean and has trouble using words to talk to others.

Vicki also has a language disorder. Reading and writing are language skills. She could also have problems understanding others and using words well because of her learning disability.

Where to Get Help

SLPs work with people who have speech and language disorders. SLPs work in schools, hospitals, and clinics, and may be able to come to your home.

To find a speech-language pathologist near you, visit ProFind.

Find a Professional

In the Public Section

Hearing & Balance

Speech, Language & Swallowing

About Health Insurance

Adding Speech & Hearing Benefits

Advocacy & Outreach

Find a Professional

Advertising Disclaimer

Advertise with us

ASHA Corporate Partners

Become A Corporate Partner

Policies

About ASHA

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) is the national professional, scientific, and credentialing association for 234,000 members, certificate holders, and affiliates who are audiologists; speech-language pathologists; speech, language, and hearing scientists; audiology and speech-language pathology assistants; and students.

Read more

All ASHA Websites

Work at ASHA

Marketing Solutions

Information For

Audiologists

Speech-Language Pathologists

Academic & Faculty

Audiology & SLP Assistants

Students

Public

Get Involved

ASHA Community

Become a Mentor

Become a Volunteer

Special Interest Groups (SIGs)

Connect With ASHA

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

2200 Research Blvd., Rockville, MD 20850

Members: 800-498-2071

Non-Member: 800-638-8255

MORE WAYS TO CONNECT

E-mail the Action Center

Contact the Board of Directors

Media Resources

Press Room

Press Queries

Site Help | A–Z Topic Index | Privacy Statement | Terms of Use

© 1997- American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

SPEECH Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com

SPEECH Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com

GamesDaily CrosswordWord PuzzleWord FinderAll gamesFeaturedWord of the DaySynonym of the DayWord of the YearNew wordsLanguage storiesAll featuredPop cultureSlangEmojiMemesAcronymsGender and sexualityAll pop cultureWriting tipsGrammar Coach™Writing hubGrammar essentialsCommonly confusedAll writing tipsGamesFeaturedPop cultureWriting tipsspeech[ speech ]show ipaSee synonyms for: speechspeeches on Thesaurus.comnounthe faculty or power of speaking; oral communication; ability to express one's thoughts and emotions by speech sounds and gesture: Losing her speech made her feel isolated from humanity.the act of speaking: He expresses himself better in speech than in writing.something that is spoken; an utterance, remark, or declaration: We waited for some speech that would indicate her true feelings.a form of communication in spoken language, made by a speaker before an audience for a given purpose: a fiery speech.any single utterance of an actor in the course of a play, motion picture, etc.the form of utterance characteristic of a particular people or region; a language or dialect.manner of speaking, as of a person: Your slovenly speech is holding back your career.a field of study devoted to the theory and practice of oral communication.Archaic. rumor. See moreOrigin of speech1First recorded before 900; Middle English speche, Old English spǣc, variant of sprǣc, derivative of sprecan “to speak”; cognate with German Sprache; see origin at speak; synonym study For speech1. Speech, language refer to the means of communication used by people. Speech is the expression of ideas and thoughts by means of articulate vocal sounds, or the faculty of thus expressing ideas and thoughts. Language is a set of conventional signs, not necessarily articulate or even vocal (any set of signs, signals, or symbols that convey meaning, including written words, may be called language): a spoken language. Thus, language is the set of conventions, and speech is the action of putting these to use: He couldn't understand the speech of the natives because it was in a foreign language. 4. Speech, address, oration, harangue are terms for a communication to an audience. Speech is the general word, with no implication of kind or length, or whether planned or not. An address is a rather formal, planned speech, appropriate to a particular subject or occasion. An oration is a polished, rhetorical address, given usually on a notable occasion, that employs eloquence and studied methods of delivery. A harangue is a violent, informal speech, often addressed to a casually assembled audience, and intended to arouse strong feeling (sometimes to lead to mob action).Other words for speech1 parlance, parley, conversation, communication 3 observation, assertion, asseveration, comment, mention, talk 4 talk, discourse 6 tongue, patoisSee synonyms for speech on Thesaurus.comOther words from speechself-speech, nounWords Nearby speechspeculatorspeculumspeculum metalspedSpeespeechspeech actspeech centerspeech clinicspeech communityspeech correctionDictionary.com Unabridged

Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2024How to use speech in a sentenceKids are interacting with Alexas that can record their voice data and influence their speech and social development.Why kids need special protection from AI’s influence | Karen Hao | September 17, 2020 | MIT Technology ReviewThe attorney general delivered a controversial speech Wednesday.The stunning hypocrisy of Bill Barr | Andrew Prokop | September 17, 2020 | VoxFor example, my company, Teknicks, is working with an online K-12 speech and occupational therapy provider.How to drive digital innovation necessary during the pandemic | Nick Chasinov | September 16, 2020 | Search Engine WatchInstead, it would give tech companies a powerful incentive to limit Brazilians’ freedom of speech at a time of political unrest.Brazil’s “fake news” bill won’t solve its misinformation problem | Amy Nordrum | September 10, 2020 | MIT Technology ReviewHowever, the president did give a speech in Suresnes, France, the next day during a ceremony hosted by the American Battle Monuments Commission.Did Trump call US war dead “losers” and “suckers”? The controversy, explained. | Alex Ward | September 4, 2020 | VoxThose are troubling numbers, for unfettered speech is not incidental to a flourishing society.How the PC Police Threaten Free Speech | Nick Gillespie | January 9, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTThere is no such thing as speech so hateful or offensive it somehow “justifies” or “legitimizes” the use of violence.Trolls and Martyrdom: Je Ne Suis Pas Charlie | Arthur Chu | January 9, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTWe need to recover and grow the idea that the proper answer to bad speech is more and better speech.How the PC Police Threaten Free Speech | Nick Gillespie | January 9, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTTend to your own garden, to quote the great sage of free speech, Voltaire, and invite people to follow your example.How the PC Police Threaten Free Speech | Nick Gillespie | January 9, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTThe simple, awful truth is that free speech has never been particularly popular in America.How the PC Police Threaten Free Speech | Nick Gillespie | January 9, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTAlessandro turned a grateful look on Ramona as he translated this speech, so in unison with Indian modes of thought and feeling.Ramona | Helen Hunt JacksonAnd so this is why the clever performer cannot reproduce the effect of a speech of Demosthenes or Daniel Webster.Expressive Voice Culture | Jessie Eldridge SouthwickHe said no more in words, but his little blue eyes had an eloquence that left nothing to mere speech.St. Martin's Summer | Rafael SabatiniAfter pondering over Mr. Blackbird's speech for a few moments he raised his head.The Tale of Grandfather Mole | Arthur Scott BaileyAlbinia, I have refrained from speech as long as possible; but this is really too much!Punch, or the London Charivari, Volume 107, November 3, 1894 | VariousSee More ExamplesBritish Dictionary definitions for speechspeech/ (spiːtʃ) /nounthe act or faculty of speaking, esp as possessed by persons: to have speech with somebody(as modifier): speech therapythat which is spoken; utterancea talk or address delivered to an audiencea person's characteristic manner of speakinga national or regional language or dialectlinguistics another word for parole (def. 5)See moreOrigin of speech1Old English spēc; related to specan to speakCollins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition

© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins

Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012Browse#aabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzzAboutCareersShopContact usAdvertise with usCookies, terms, & privacyDo not sell my infoFollow usGet the Word of the Day every day!Sign upBy clicking "Sign Up", you are accepting Dictionary.com Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policies.My account© 2024 Dictionary.com, LLC